Lesson 7:

Part 1: The Science of Rocketry

Part 2: Living in Space

Science 9: Space Exploration

 Part 1: The Science of Rocketry
See separate slide (Minecraft EDU Activity)
Part 1: The Science of Rocketry
 What are the 3 main types of
spacecraft's currently in use?
1. Shuttles
-transport people and equipment to an
orbiting spacecraft
 What are the 3 main types
of spacecraft's currently in use?
2.Space Probes
- Contain instrumentation for carrying out
robotic exploration
 What are the 3 main types
of spacecraft's currently in use?
3. Space Stations
- Are orbiting space crafts that have
living quarters, work areas, and support
systems needed to allow people to live
and work in space for an extended time
https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=XAVX3jOHb_E
 What was the first rocket?
• 400 BCE
• Archytas’s “pigeon” is said to be the
first rocket ever recorded. Let's watch.
• The movement of the pigeon is based on
Newton’s third law
* For every action, there is
an equal and opposite reaction
Newton's Third Law

Link to Study Jam

 How is an object launched into space?

• A __________
force must be exerted for a
rocket to lift off from a launch pad.
• The amount of force produced by a
rocket is determined by:
– the rate at which the mass of the fuel
burns
– the acceleration of the gas escaping the
rocket.
 How is an object launched into space?

• The reaction, or motion, of the rocket is

equal to and in the opposite direction of
force
the __________ from the engine.
• The object must overcome the force of
gravity
__________ (which pulls the object
back to Earth)
• The 40,
object
320must travel at least
__________ km/hr to get out of the
Earth’s atmosphere.
To overcome gravity:
Escape Velocity
 How rockets lift off...
• .
Pushes up
closed = reaction
system:
Equal air leaves
pressure = action

open system:
NOT equal pressure
 Balloon Rockets…
• .
Applying it to rockets...

action reaction
After watching how a rocket works, label
and describe the 3 basic parts
(structural/mechanical, fuel and payload)
of a rocket, including the
percent mass allowed for each part.
• Click here to watch Rockets 101
 Payload
= The materials needed for the flight,
including crew cabins, food, water, air,
and people.
Liquid fuel

= can be any number of materials,

including liquid oxygen, gasoline, and
liquid hydrogen.

= The mixture is ignited in a combustion

chamber, causing the gases to expand
and leave as exhaust.
Fuel +
oxidizer =
propellant
 Combustion Chamber

= Where the oxidizer and fuel are mixed

and burned

Recall from
Chemistry Unit
 Nozzle

= Where the burnt propellant goes out

 Take Home Message

• Rockets work off the principle of: for

every action there is an opposite and
equal reaction

Homework
• Read pages 413 - 417
Part 2: What are the challenges
to living in space?
Read Pages: 418 - 423
Did you know? In 1995, a Russian
cosmonaut spent 437 days in space,
which was the longest period of
time that anyone has lived in space. BRAINSTORM
WITH A
PARTNER &
WHITEBOARD
ACTIVITY

Question: What
are the challenges
and hazards to
living in space?
 What does it take to be an astronaut?

• Training
• Be in shape
• Above
average IQ
• Sense of
adventure

Chris Hadfield debunks space myths

 Thinking prompts:
Or design your own question about living in space.

• What are the challenges of living in space?

• What were the challenges for Astronaut ______ ?
• What will we need to learn to live on Mars?
• What challenges will we need to overcome to go to the moon again?
• What is life like in Space?
• What are five things you need to survive in space?
• What are the challenges on the human body with living in a non-
gravity environment?
• Describe the challenges of leaving Earth's protective sphere.
• What does a teenager need to do to prepare to become an
astronaut as an adult?
• What is the challenge of an astronaut's dependence on water?
Do the Living in Space Choice Board
(See separate Google Slides)