UNIT 3: GENETICS AND HEREDITY

1. VOCABULARY OF GENETICS
2. MENDEL’S LAWS
3. EXCEPTIONS TO MENDEL’S LAWS
4. GENETICS AND SEX DETERMINATION
2. MENDEL’S LAWS
MENDEL’S WISE CHOICES
1. Plant selection: Pisum sativum

a. easy to cultivate

b. grows quickly

c. the traits are easy to observe

d. fertilization can be controlled

2. MENDEL’S LAWS
MENDEL’S WISE CHOICES
green, yellow
2. He focused in few traits

a. color

b. surface

rounded, wrinkled
2. MENDEL’S LAWS
MENDEL’S WISE CHOICES

3. He applied math patterns to the results he obtained

CONCLUSIONS:

1. Heredity is produced by the transmission of

certain PARTICLES (Particulate inheritance)

2. This transmission fits simple rules

2.1. MENDEL’S FIRST LAW: UNIFORMITY PRINCIPLE
MATERIALS: 2 plants differing in a single trait: color of the seed

METHOD:
1. Obtaining pure lines

2. Cross:
pure yellow seeded plant x pure green seeded plant

3. Results:
F1 (First filial generation):
- hybrid UNIFORM
- yellow
2.1. MENDEL’S FIRST LAW: UNIFORMITY PRINCIPLE
CONCLUSION:
When 2 pure line individuals with different alleles are crossed, all the descendants
are hybrid (heterozygous) and equal to one of the parents.

The allele that appears is called DOMINANT, and the one that doesn’t appear is
the RECESSIVE
2.1. MENDEL’S FIRST LAW: UNIFORMITY PRINCIPLE
CURRENT EXPRESSION:
P:

GAMETES

F1:

A>a