DRUG INDUCE DISEASE

BASHEERA V
Assistant professor
Alshifa college of pharmacy
 Drugs may induce various disease condition
in various body system
Drug induced liver
disease
Drug induced liver disease
 2-10% cases of jaundice and acute hepatitis
 Direct liver damage – predictable , dose

dependant
INH
Methyl testosterone
Methotrexate
Over dose of acetaminophen
Tetracycline (IV cause fatty metamorphosis of
liver)
Hyper sensitivity type hepatic drug reaction
Unpredictable , occur in small fraction of
population exposed to drug , not related to
dose
Hepatic injury associated with skinrash, fever,
eosinophilia
Eg- halothane, phenytoin, sulfonamides
 Acute Hepatotoxicity – cimetidine, rifampicin,
INH, methyldopa, erythromycin
 Chronic hepatic disease –

cirrhosis- DES
Hepatic granuloma – penicillin, allopurinol
Hepato portal sclerosis- vit A
Hepatic neoplasm – OCP, anabolic steroids
Drug induced renal
disorder
Drug induced renal disorder
 Kidney highly sensitive to effect of drugs
 Renal toxic drugs-

Aminoglycoside antibiotic(gentamicin)acute RF
Radio contrasting agents –a/c reversible RF
ACE inhibitors – proteinuria, acute RF,
polycystic kidney disease
NSAIDs- piroxicam,ibuprofen- decrease GFR
 Direct glomerular and tubular damage-
cephalosporins
 Nephrogenic diabetes incipidus- Li, sulfonyl

urea
 acute interstitial nephritis- methicillin,

ampicillin, rifampicin
 Kidney stone (crystal)- sulphonamides
 Uric acid crystallization- probencid,

methotrexate, allopurinol
 Renal ischemia- methysergide
 Drug induced
hematological disorder
Drug induced hematological
disorder
 Aplastic anemia- chloramphenicol
 Megaloblastic anemia- 5FU, cytosine,

arabinoside
 Hemolytic anemia- antimalarials,

antibacterial, aspirin, dapsone

 Leucopenia- oncological drugs, antithyroid
drugs, sulfonamides
 Thrombocytopenia-

Due to bone marrow suppression, peripheral

platelet destruction
aspirin, ibuprofen, heparin, penicillin
Drug induced ototoxicity
 Diuretic, aminoglycoside, salicylates
 Diuretics

Ethacrynic acid & furosemide (frusemide)- hear

loss
Drug induced Ocular
toxicity
 Phenothiazine- diplopia , myopia
 Chlorpromazine- change in cornea and lesns

opacity
 Dexamethasone- glaucoma (increase IOP)
 Chloroquine- corneal damage, retinal

damage
 Drug induced
dermatological disorder
 Photo toxic agent- tetracycline, ciprofloxacin
(sun burn)
 Photo allergy (urticaria)- antihistamine,

nalidixic acid, estrogen

 Steven jhonson syndrome- penicillin,

phenytoin, sulphonamides, chlorpropamide

Drug induced gastro
intestinal toxicity
 Constipation- hematinics, TCA, nifedipine,
antacid
 Diarrhoea- antibiotics, propranolol, digoxin,

antacid
 Emesis- antineoplastic agents
 GIT ulceration – NSAIDs, glucocorticoids
 Pancreatitis- azathioprine,

sulfonamide,furosemide, methyldopa
Teratogenicity
THANK YOU