VLSI Circuits & Design

ECE 4103

Course conductor

Prof. Dr. Shakila Naznin

 Book References:

 Basic VLSI Design: Douglas A. Pucknell

 Design of VLSI Systems: Linda E. M. Brackenbury
 Pass transistor Logic
Transistors are used as switches to pass logic gates between nodes of a
circuit, instead of as switches connected directly to supply voltages.

When A = 5V, B=5V, transistor on, Y=1

Do you guess any problem here?

 Benefits of Pass transistor logic

 Require less number of transistors.

 Ratio less

 Runs faster

 Requires less power

 Disadvantage of Pass transistor logic

The difference of the voltage between high and low logic levels
decreases at each stage since pass transistors have some resistance and
do not provide level restoration. Each transistor in series is less
saturated at its output than at its input. If several devices are chained in
series in a logic path, a conventionally constructed gate may be required
to restore the signal voltage to the full value. By contrast,
conventional CMOS logic switches transistors so the output connects to
one of the power supply rails (resembling an open collector scheme), so
logic voltage levels in a sequential chain do not decrease.
 5V 0V

5V 0V

D S

V
GS > V t

Suppose Vt=1V
No discharge path for capacitor

Y can reach maximum 4 V

Weak logic 1, strong logic 0

 5V

Pass transistor o/p should not drive

5V 4V other gates

Vt=1

3V
5V
Vt=1
 5V

4V
5V 4V 4V

Vt=1 One threshold voltage Vt drop

 4V
5V

4V
5V 3V 3V

Vt=1
 4V
5V

4V
5V 3V 3V

Vt=1

Level restoring of output by adding an inverter

 5V
5V
A B

VDD
o/p

What is the problem in this circuit?

Path from Vdd to ground Sneak path

Is it an AND gate?
 A

The circuit looks like ?

B
A MUX

A O/P

0V AND gate
Implementing logic gates using MUX
Implementing logic gates using MUX
Implementing logic gates using MUX
Implementing logic gates using MUX
Implementing logic gates using MUX
Implementing logic gates using MUX
Implementing logic gates using MUX
Implementing logic gates using MUX