Writing process

RABIA ASHRAF
  Technical Writing
 Writing process
 Prewriting
overview  Drafting
 Revising
 Proofreading
 Publishing
 Technical Writing

• Technical writing is a type of writing where the author is writing

about a particular subject that requires direction, instruction, or
explanation. This style of writing has a very different purpose and
different characteristics than other writing styles such as creative
writing, academic writing or business writing.
• Technical writing is straightforward, easy to understand
explanations and/or instructions dealing with a particular subject.
It is an efficient and clear way of explaining something and how
it works.
• A good technical writer can make a difficult task easy and can
quickly explain a complex piece of information.
 Types of Technical Writing
The subject of technical writing can either be:
• Tangible - Something that can be seen or touched, such as a computer or
software program, or information on how to assemble a piece of furniture.
• Abstract - Something that involved a series of steps that aren't related to
a tangible object. One example of this might be steps required to complete
an office process.
• Some examples of technical writing include:
• Instruction manuals
• Policy manuals
• Process manuals
• User manuals
• Reports of analysis
• Instructions for assembling a product
• A summarization of a long report that highlights and shortens the most
important elements
 Writing Process
Good academic writing requires effective planning,
drafting, and revision.
The writing process looks different for everyone, but
there are five basic steps that will help you structure your
time when writing any kind of text.
 Prewriting

• Pre-writing literally means, “before writing.”

Before you actually begin writing your essay,
you will need to do the following things:
• Choose a topic to write on
• Brainstorming or generate ideas for topic
• Focus in on central ideas
• Preparing a scratch outline.
 Drafting
This is the main stage of essay writing where you
roll up your sleeves and actually write the first
draft. Remember that everything doesn’t have to
be perfect; this is your first draft, not
your final draft, so give yourself the freedom to
make errors. If you’re focusing on getting every
single word right, you’ll miss the big picture.
 Revising
 Revising means rewriting an essay, building on what has already been
done, to make it stronger.
 Here are some quick hints that can help make revision easier.
 First, set your first draft aside for a while. A few hours will do, but a day or
two would be better. You can then come back to the draft with a fresh, more
objective point of view.
 Second, work from typed or printed text. You'll be able to see the essay
more impartially in this way than if you were just looking at your own
familiar handwriting.
 Next, read your draft aloud. Hearing how your writing sounds will help
you pick up problems with meaning as well as with style.
 Finally, as you do all these things, add your thoughts and changes above
the lines or in the margins of your essay. Your written comments can serve
as a guide when you work on the next draft.
There are three stages to the revising process:
• revising content
• revising sentences
• editing
Pay attention to both word choice and clarity, as well as
sophisticated writing techniques like avoiding the passive voice.
If you’re not confident in your writing skills yet, the Grammarly
Editor ensures your writing is readable, clear, and concise by
offering sentence structure and word choice suggestions, plus
clarity revisions as you write. Grammarly helps to catch the
common mistakes with sentence structure—like run-on
sentences, sentence fragments, passive voice, and more.
 Proofreading

When all the heavy-duty revisions are

finished, it’s time for the final polish. Go
through your essay and correct
misspellings, formatting issues, or
grammatical errors.
After all aforementioned steps create your
final draft and publish it.
 Publishing

To publish means to make information and literature available for

the public to view. Publishing involves the process of producing
and distributing literature so that the public can have access to it.
Sometimes, certain authors publish their own work and in that case
they become their own publishers.

The traditional meaning of the word "publishing" means to print

newspapers and books on paper and distribute them. But now with
improved technology we have the Internet and other digital
information systems. So, now publishing is done not only through
printing but also electronically. Of late a large number of
periodicals and books have been published online and
electronically through CDs and DVDs.