TRUTHFULNESS &

ACCURACY

OF THE MATERIAL VIEWED

LEARNING
GOALS
identify the different types of
01 information disorder
determine the truthfulness and
02 accuracy of the material viewed
through critiquing

use the SOAPStone method to evaluate

03 the credibility of the material viewed
 WHAT IS
VIEWING?
“an active process of attending and
comprehending visual media such as
television, advertising images, films,
diagrams, symbols, photographs, videos,
dramas, drawings, sculptures and
paintings."
(Canadian Common Curriculum Framework)
 WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE:
TRUTH & ACCURACY
Truth Accuracy
Truth is the quality of being Accuracy is the fact of being
honest and not containing or exact or correct.
telling any lie.
 HOW DO YOU KNOW
THAT THE INFORMATION
YOU GET FROM RESOURCES IS
TRUE AND ACCURATE?
INFORMATION
DISORDER
WHAT IS
INFORMATION
DISORDER?
Coined by one of the world's leading
misinformation experts, Claire Waddle
in 2017.
"Fake news" is vague and too general.
 Misinformation
False information someone shares without
knowing it’s untrue

Disinformation
False information shared with the intention to harm

Malinformation
True information used to harm others.
(Private information leaked)
SEVEN
DIFFERENT
FORMS
• Satire/ Parody
• Misleading Content
• Imposter Content
• Fabricated Content
• False Connection
• False Context
• Manipulated Content
 1. SATIRE/PARODY
• False content meant to be funny
that can fool people who don’t
recognize the humor.
• People share and re-share not
realizing the content is satire and
believing that it is true
2. MISLEADING CONTENT
• Used to frame an issue or an
individual in calculated ways.
• Cropping photos, choosing quotes or
statistics to further an agenda or
manipulating videos to alter context
(O'Sullivan, 2020).
3. IMPOSTER CONTENT
• Using or mimicking well-known and
trusted brands or name alongside
false content.
• Increases the chance of people
believing in it without checking the
facts first.
 BE VIGILANT
LOOK FOR OTHER
SOURCES
4. FABRICATED CONTENT
• Newly created sites or social media
accounts which aim to make you
believe that it is real
• INVENTED content
5. FALSE CONNECTION
• Headlines, visuals, or captions
don’t support the content.
• Using clickbait-y headlines or
photos not related to the actual
content
6. FALSE CONTEXT
• This is when genuine content is
shared with false contextual
information.
• Context means the circumstances or
environment that form the setting for
an event, statement, or idea, and in
terms of which it can be fully
understood and assessed
When an old news or
old photo is re-shared
to fit the context and
purposely deceive
people.
7. MANIPULATED
CONTENT
• This is when genuine information or
imagery is manipulated to deceive.
• The genuine content is tampered with
or doctored in some way.
• EDITED
A B
 EXIT TICKET
Choose one (1) question to reflect on. Write the
question on your notebook and answer it in 3-5
sentences.

• Why might fake news be harmful?

• How do we know if the news we hear, see or
read is true?
• What can you do if you think a story is fake?
 EXIT TICKET
Write the questions on your paper and answer it in
3-5 sentences.

• Why might fake news be harmful?

• How do we know if the news we hear, see or
read is true?
• What can you do if you think a story is fake?
References:
• AFP Philippines. (2020). This graphic with a purported quote from a top administration official in the Philippines has been
doctored. AFP Fact Check. https://factcheck.afp.com/graphic-purported-quote-top-administration-official-philippines-has-
been-doctored

• deMilked. (2019). 15 Scary Examples Showing The Ways Media Can Manipulate The Truth. deMilked.
https://www.demilked.com/media-manipulating-truth/

• Inquirer.net. (2020). Facebook Post: Warning!. Facebook, Inquirer.Net.

https://www.facebook.com/inquirerdotnet/photos/a.10150441841044453/10159007220359453/?type=3&theater

• O'Sullivan, S. (2020). The student’s guide to information disorders. ASU, News Co/Lab.
https://newscollab.org/2020/03/10/the-students-guide-to-information-disorders/

• The Guardian Foundation. (n.d). Lesson 5: Spotting fake news (PSHE education). The Guardian
Foundation.https://theguardianfoundation.org/programmes/newswise/schools/unit-of-work/lesson-5-spotting-fake-news-pshe-
education
References:
• Vera Files. (2022). VERA FILES FACT CHECK: Sen. Robin Padilla spreads MISLEADING photo of Duterte retirement
at Davao home. Vera Files: Truth is our business. https://verafiles.org/articles/vera-files-fact-check-sen-robin-padilla-
spreads-misleading-photo-of-duterte-retirement-at-davao-home

• zabclement04. (2019). 7 Types of Mis- and Disinformation and How to Spot Them. Lifestyle Sharer.
https://lifestylesharer.wordpress.com/2019/01/10/7-types-of-mis-and-disinformation-and-how-to-spot-them/
A B
1. Describe the picture.
A famous celebrity is holding a poster campaigning for
the Black Lives Matter movement.

2. Diagnose what type of information disorder is

presented.
The information disorder present is manipulated
content.
3. What are the proofs/symptoms that proves your
diagnosis.
If we put the picture side-by-side, the same person is
featured. However, it seems like the second picture is edited
to make it look like she is campaigning for the movement.
4. Suggested medication to combat this disorder.
Since the person is famous, we could check her accounts
first to know where the picture came from. We could also
search keywords on the internet that could verify the truth
and accuracy of the photo. For example, “Kendall Jenner
Black Lives Matter.” Overall, it is always recommended to
do your research first.
Signatures:
(Only those who participated)

Camille Hilary P. Toledo

 QUIZ
Get 1/4 sheet of paper, answers only
1. It is the quality of being honest
and not containing or telling any lie.

A. lie C. truth
B. accuracy D. fake news
2. Which of the following does NOT belong
in the group.

A. Imposter Content
B. News Flash
C. Fabricated Content
D. False Connection
3. In this type of information disorder, there is
no real intention to cause harm but has the
potential to fool.
A. Imposter Content
B. False Connection
C. Fabricated Content
D. Satire
4. This is when the genuine content is
tampered with, doctored, or edited in some
way.
A. Satire
B. Fabricated Content
C. False Connection
D. Manipulated Content
5. It often happens during a breaking news
event when old imagery is re-shared, old news
articles are re-shared as new, and when the
headline still potentially fits with
contemporary events.
A. Satire C. False Context
B. Fabricated Content D. Manipulated
Content
6. Includes selecting parts of a quote,
creating false statistics, or cropping a
photo to frame an event or person in a
particular way.
A. Misleading Content C. Parody
B. Fabricated Content D. False
Context
7. An example of this information disorder is
when the logo of a well-known brand or name
is used alongside false content.
A. Imposter Content
B. False Connection
C. Fabricated Content
D. Satire
QUIZ
CHECKING