Earning a living

Chapter 3

Supervisor – Mr. Tita

Class - ISP3B
 Full Names of Group 3 members and what we
each did

1. Tsakou Djuffo Grace Laura – Unit 3.1 & Unit 3.2

2. Aarav Surana (Group Leader) – Unite 3.3 & Unit 3.4 & assembled the work
3. Frederick Foe Karl – did not work
4. Noemie Rose Berry Njong – Unit 3.5 & Unit 3.6
5. Yvan Foe Gorgon – Unit 3.7 & Unit 3.8
 Table of content

• 3.1 – The UK at work

• 3.2 – So where are the jobs?
• 3.3 – The UK’s changing employment structure
• 3.4 – Change in and around Doncaster
• 3.5 – Employment structure in other countries
• 3.6 – Where did the UK’s factory job go?
• 3.7 – The clothing industry in Bangladesh
• 3.8 – Working to bring you a mobile
These are all the topics we are going to look at in this presentation
 3.3: The UK’s changing employment structure

In the past the UK’s employment structure has been very different than it is
today. Here is how why and how that is:
• In the 1600s, People used to work in their own farms from a young age and
people were also making things in their workshops like furniture and
providing services for the others.
• According to what I said above the employment rate in a primary
sector(such as farming) was more needed and used at that time
 3.3 Continuation

• Today, our everyday life is filled with electronic gadgets and device. Most of
the stuff in our life now is somehow related to computers and machines
• This leads to an increase in the tertiary sector with more than 80% need of
employment in the tertiary sector in the world.
U can see how the UK’s employment structure has changed comparing that of
the 1600s and that of now
 3.4: Change in and around Doncaster

What is Doncaster?
• Doncaster is a historic market town in South Yorkshire, England. The town
has a rich history that dates back to Roman times when it was known as
Danum. Over the centuries, Doncaster has played a significant role in
various historical events and has evolved into the town it is today.
• During the Industrial Revolution, Doncaster played a significant role in the
development of industry and transportation in England. The town's strategic
location and access to natural resources contributed to its growth as an
industrial centre.
 3.4 Continuation

Here are some key aspects of Doncaster's involvement in the Industrial

Revolution:
1. Railway Industry
2. Coal mining
3. Market town transformation
4. Expansion of trade etc.
Is everything alright now?
• There is still a high rate of unemployment in Doncaster. The new warehouse
will bring much more job opportunities which don’t require much skill to get
any they don’t pay much. So young qualified people might want to move
away. The new council is now doing their best to help with this situation.
 3.5: Employment structure in other countries

• You’ve learned about employment structure in the UK. Other countries have
different structures this unit gives examples.
• Clues from the pie charts
• Employment structure means how the workforce is divided up between the
three main employment sectors. Primary, secondary and tertiary.
• Those employment sectors are put in a pie chart. A pie chart has a role here
for giving clues about the country explained.
 3.5 Continuation

• The country that I choose is Mali here is an example 

• This explains here that a large slice in the pie charts has
taken over secondary and tertiary. This means that
most people in Mali work in primary sector, as farmers.
Mali doesn’t earn much. That one slim slice on the pie
chart is called secondary. This means that the country
begins to industrialise. Factories are set up so most of
the people leave farming to work in those factories.
And the last one is called tertiary. This means that the
country is highly developed. But in this case in Mali, the
primary sector wins over the tertiary sector which
simply means that the country doesn’t earn much.
 3.6: Where did the UK’s factory jobs go?

• Lots of factories have closed in the UK, over the years why? And where have
the jobs gone?
• Why do jobs move?
• Wages are lower in poorer countries. That’s the main reason why jobs move.
• Now what are wages?
• Wages are a fixed regular payment earned for work or services, typically
paid on a daily or weekly basis.
 3.6 Continuation

• Let’s show an example:

• The factory in the UK pays more wages, compared to Bangladesh. If it pays
a higher amount of wages this simply prove that it has to charge more and
make a profit. Since that does products they are selling the price is higher,
consumers choose cheaper products, imported from Bangladesh. Since that
the consumers decided to take the cheaper product, the UK get fewer and
fewer orders and the factory will eventually close itself.
 3.7: The clothing industry in Bangladesh
• Clothing industries had contributed to export earnings, foreign exchange earnings,
employment creation, poverty alleviation and the empowerment of women. The
export-quota system and the availability of cheap labor are the two main reasons
behind the success of the industries. In the 1980s, the RMG industry of Bangladesh
was concentrated mainly in manufacturing and exporting woven products.
• Since the early 1990s, the knit section of the industry has started to expand. Shirts, T-
shirts, trousers, sweaters and jackets are the main products manufactured and
exported by the industry.
• Bangladesh exports its RMG products mainly to the United States of America and the
European Union. These two destinations account for more than a 90 per cent share of
the country's total earnings from garment exports.
• Bangladesh is less competitive compared with China or India in the United States and
it is somewhat competitive in the European Union.
 3.7 Continuation

• The rana plaza

• Why did the rana plaza collapse?

• Rana Plaza collapsed because substandard materials were used to build on the site of a filled-in
pond, and because extra floors were added to expand the structure beyond its authorized design.

• How many people died in Rana Plaza collapse?

• On 24 April 2013, the Rana Plaza building came crashing down, killing 1,134 people and leaving
thousands more injured.
 3.8: Working to bring you a mobile

• What is a mobile phone: A mobile phone is a wireless handheld device that allows
users to make and receive calls. While the earliest generation of mobile phones could
only make and receive calls, today's mobile phones do a lot more, accommodating
web browsers, games, cameras, video players and navigational systems
• The story of your mobile
• Mobile phones pass through different stages such as;
• Firstly, your phone designed by engineers and programmers to work on the features
of your phone after many months of top-secret work, the design is perfected.
• All materials that make up your phone come from the earth’s crust such as plastic,
silver and others you may not have heard of. The metals come from all over the world.
 3.8 Continuation
• The parts for your mobile are made but not by the brands like Apple, Nokia or Samsung they are made in
other people factories in several countries.
• Now the focus is on you the phones are in shops. The staff are ready to sell them to you.
• You pay for making calls downloading films and videos all made by clever people in the quaternary sector,
in different companies.
• What is Globalization
• Globalization is a term used to describe how trade and technology have made the world into a more
connected and interdependent place. Globalization also captures in its scope the economic and social
changes that have come about as a result.
• So, …what your mobile ?
• So Perhaps you don’t have any mobile. But if you do, you can be sure that it’s made using the earth’s
resources frwages are lowerom many places. And assemble in countries where wages are lower than in the
UK
 References

• Geog.3 4th edition course book

• https://en.wikipedia.org
• https://Google.com
• https://Techopedia.com
• https://www.internetgeography.net/topics/employmentstructures/#
• https://www.britannica.com
• https://www.ons.gov.uk
• https://www.coolgeography.co.uk
Thank You
Any Questions???