Welcome Year 11

Sit in your allocated seat, get out your equipment and

write the title and date, and
begin the starter.
1 April 2024

Title: Inheritance
Starter: 5 mins

Why do they look so

similar?
Inheritance and variation
Learning objectives:
•Understand that the genome is the entire
DNA of an organism and that a gene is a
section of a molecule of DNA that codes for a
specific protein
•Understand that the nucleus of a cell
contains chromosomes on which genes are
located
•Understand that variation within a species
can be genetic, environmental, or a
combination of both
•Understand how the sex of a person is
controlled by one pair of chromosomes, XX in
a female and XY in a male
•Describe the determination of the sex of
offspring at fertilisation, using a genetic
diagram
Inheritance
Inheritance is the transmission of genetic
information from generation to generation.
Genetic information
Chromosomes in the nucleus carry the genetic information
of a cell. They are long strands of DNA, made up of a string
of genes. The entire DNA of an organism (the amount
present in a diploid cell) is known as its genome.

Task: What is the diploid and haploid number for humans.

Diploid = 46

Haploid = 23
Genetic information
One gene is a section of DNA which codes for one protein.

All chromosomes contain many different genes . These

genes are the units of inheritance – it may be copied and
passed on to the next generation. Organisms differ
because they have different genes.
Genetic information

Task: Define each of the following key words to someone else.

Genome
Variation

Task: Write down 5 physical differences you can see between

these Mr. Men characters.
Variation

Living organisms differ in several ways, even when they are

offspring of the same parents. These differences are called
variation.

Variation can be determined by genes,

the environment

or both.
Variation Variation can be determined by genes, the
environment or both.
Task: Copy this table and complete it with examples.

Genetic Environmental Both

Variation Variation can be determined by genes, the
environment or both.

Genetic Environmental Both

Eye colour Language Height

Natural nose Tooth decay Mass

shape
Ear shape Scar Colour of skin
(lobed or
attached)
Gender Piercings Having lung
cancer
Sex
The sex of a person
is determined by
their genes.

In fact, it is controlled
by one pair of
chromosomes; the
sex chromosomes.
Sex
Females have XX
One X chromosome
from each parent.

Males have XY
Task: Which parent
does a male inherit his Y
chromosome from?
Explain your answer.
Sex
Females have XX
One X chromosome
from each parent.

Males have XY
X must come from the
mother since she is
female (XX) and Y
comes from the father.
Sex
Females have XX
One X chromosome
from each parent.

Males have XY
X must come from the
mother since she is
female (XX) and Y
comes from the father.

Task: What is the

sex of this person?
Sex: punnett square
Females have XX
One X chromosome
from each parent.

Males have XY
Mother XX X must come from the
eggs mother since she is
female (XX) and Y
comes from the father.
Father XY

sperm

There is a 50% chance of having

either a female or male child.
Sex Task: Complete this MCQ
Sex Task: Complete this MCQ
 Thumbs up or down
Learning objectives:
•Understand that the genome is the entire DNA of an
organism and that a gene is a section of a molecule of DNA
that codes for a specific protein
•Understand that the nucleus of a cell contains
chromosomes on which genes are located
•Understand that variation within a species can be genetic,
environmental, or a combination of both
•Understand how the sex of a person is controlled by one
pair of chromosomes, XX in a female and XY in a male
•Describe the determination of the sex of offspring at
fertilisation, using a genetic diagram
Summary Task: Key word bingo!

• Inheritance
• Chromosome
• Gene
• Genome
• Variation
• Haploid nucleus
• Diploid nucleus
• Humans
• XX
• XY
• DNA