Mandalay Technology University

Department of Chemical Engineering

WASTE PLASTICS INTO FUELS BY

PYROLYSIS

Presented by Mg Aung Htet(VI.BE.Ch.E-3)

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• Outlines of presentation
 Introduction
 Aim and objects
 Factors effecting on pyrolysis
 Materials and methods
 Results and discussion
 Conclusion

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 Introduction

 Overview of global plastic waste problem

Unlike other materials, plastic does not biodegrade. It can take up to 1,000 years to
break down, so when it is discarded, it builds up in the environment until it reaches a
crisis point. This pollution chokes marine wildlife, damages soil and poisons groundwater,
and can cause serious health impacts.

 Pyrolysis of plastic waste

It can be potential solution for plastic waste problem . In pyrolysis, plastic wastes
are converted into solid, liquid, or gaseous fuels via the thermal degradation of long-chain
polymers into shorter and simple molecules in the absence of oxygen.

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 Aim
 To manufacture fuel from plastic waste by pyrolysis

 Objectives
 to understand and optimize the process of plastic waste pyrolysis
 To reduce plastic pollution and generate valuable energy
 To design a pyrolysis reactor

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 Factors affecting on plastics pyrolysis

The major factors influencing the plastic pyrolysis process include

 Chemical composition of feedstock
 Cracking temperature and heating rate
 Reactor type
 Residence time
 Application of catalyst

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 Materials and methods
 External heating resources
 Stainless steal reactor (inner diameter 28 mm and thickness 2mm)
 Nitrogen purging bottle and water cooling condenser
 Liquid and gas collector
 Thermal well

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Fig process flow diagram for pyrolysis

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 results

product distribution Gas liquid char

LDPE 18.3% 81.7% -
PP 15.7% 84.2% -
PS 4% 93% 3%

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 Discussion and Conclusion
Challenges associated with plastic pyrolysis technology:
 Feedstock contamination
 Energy input requirements
 Economic viability
 Scale-up issues

 Environmental Impact
Comparison of pyrolysis with other waste management methods (e.g., landfilling,
incineration)
Environmental benefits of pyrolysis:
 Reduction of plastic waste
 Lower greenhouse gas emissions
 Cab be used as partial fuel
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Reference
1. Brydson, J.A. and ScienceDirect. Plastics materials. 1999 1999; Available
from: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/book/9780750641326
2. Chanda, M., Advanced polymer chemistry : a problem solving guide. 2000,
New York [u.a.]: Marcel Dekker.
3. The Sociaty of the Plastic Industry, I. SPI MATERIAL CONTAINER
CODING
SYSTEM. 1999 15/Sep/2008]; Available from:
http://www.plasticsindustry.org/outreach/recycling/resincodes.htm.
4. PlasticsEurope, The Compelling Facts About Plastics 2007. 2008: Brussels.
5. USEPA, Municipal Solid Waste Generation, Recycling, and Disposal in the
United States:

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 Thank
You

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