Array with Looping

1
 What is an array???
• An Array is A “Data Structure”
• An Array consists of data items of the same type, all with the same
name.

• The size of an Array is “static”.

• Once you have created an “array”, you cannot change the number of
elements it holds.

In Java, an array is a group of contiguous memory locations that all

have the same name and same type.

2
 Creating Arrays
• An array is an object so it needs an object reference.

// Declare a reference to an array that will hold integers.

int[] numbers;

• The next step creates the array and assigns its

address to the numbers variable.
// Create a new array that will hold 6 integers.
numbers = new int[6];
0 0 0 0 0 0
index 0 index 1 index 2 index 3 index 4 index 5
Array element values are initialized to 0.
Array indexes always start at 0.
7-3
 Alternate Array
Declaration
• Previously we showed arrays being declared:

int[] numbers;
– However, the brackets can also go here:

int numbers[];
– These are equivalent but the first style is typical.

7-4
 Creating Arrays
• It is possible to declare an array
reference and create it in the same
statement.

int[] numbers = new int[6];

• Arrays may be of any type.

float[] temperatures = new float[100];

char[] letters = new char[41];
long[] units = new long[50];
double[] sizes = new double[1200];
7-5
 How to initialize an array?

You can use an “Initializer List” enclosed in

braces to quickly insert values in your array:

int n[] = { 12, 44, 98, 1, 28 };

• Because this list has 5 values in it, the
resulting array will have 5 elements.

6
 ARRAY

An array is a random-access storage

structure: Any element can be accessed
immediately from its index.

7
An Array is A “Data Structure”
x[0] 28
x[1] 44
x[2] 98
“28” is the first
element, with a x[3] 1
subscript of “0” x[4] 28
x[5] 5
x[6] 2
x[7] 29
x[8] 73
8
An Array is A “Data Structure”
• To learn the number of elements in the
array, you call a property called “length.”
For example:
int y = 0;
int[] x;
x = new int[5];
y = x.length;
• Notice, “length” is NOT a method, it is
a property. 9
 Inputting and Outputting
Array Elements
• Array elements can be treated as any other variable.
• They are simply accessed by the same name and a subscript.

public static void main(String[] args) {

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

int list[] = new int[3];

int i;
for(i = 0; i < 3; ++i){
System.out.println("Enter a number");
list[i] = in.nextInt();
}
for(i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
System.out.println(list[i]);

7-10 }
 String Arrays
• If an initialization list is not provided, the new
keyword must be used to create the array:
String[] names = new String[4];

The names variable holds

the address to the array.

Address

names[0] null
names[1] null
names[2] null
names[3] null

7-11
Do while loop

12
While loop

13