BUILDING COMPONENT REPRESENTATION

TOPICS TO BE COVERED:

z 1)LOAD BEARING WALL

2)FRAMED STRUCTURE
PRESENTATION BY TEAM 2:
3)SPACE STRUCTURE
SRI RAM .G

KOWSIGA.B

ABDUL AZEEZ.M
LOAD
z BEARING STRUCTURE :

1. Definition: Load-bearing structures are

architectural or engineering frameworks that support
and distribute the weight of a building or other
structures to the ground.

2. Types: Load-bearing structures can be categorized

into various types, including beam and column
structures, arches, domes, trusses, and shells.
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3.Materials:
z Load-bearing structures can be
constructed from a variety of materials such as
wood, steel, concrete, masonry, and
composite materials, each with its advantages
and limitations.

4. Functionality: Load-bearing structures

must effectively withstand various types of
loads, including dead loads (the weight of the
structure itself) and live loads (such as
occupants, furniture, and environmental
factors like wind and snow).
5.z Design Considerations: Engineers and
architects must consider factors such as the
building's height, purpose, location, local
building codes, and environmental conditions
when designing load-bearing structures.

6. Structural Analysis: Load-bearing

structures undergo rigorous structural
analysis to ensure they can support the
anticipated loads while maintaining safety
and stability. This analysis may include
calculations, computer simulations, and
physical testing.
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7. Load Distribution: Load-bearing
z
structures distribute loads through various
components such as beams, columns,
walls, and foundations. The design must
ensure that these components can
effectively transfer loads to the ground
without excessive stress or deformation.

8. Construction Techniques: Different

construction techniques are used for load-
bearing structures, including traditional
methods like masonry and modern
techniques such as precast concrete and
steel frame construction.
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9. Maintenance and Inspection: Regular
maintenance and inspection are essential to
ensure the continued safety and stability of
load-bearing structures. This includes
monitoring for signs of wear, corrosion, or
structural damage.

10. Advancements: Advances in materials

science, engineering, and construction
technology continue to influence the design
and construction of load-bearing structures,
leading to innovations in efficiency,
sustainability, and safety.
FRAMED
z STRUCTURE

1. Definition: Framed structures are

architectural frameworks where the load-
bearing elements (columns and beams) form
a rigid skeleton or frame that supports the
building's weight.

2. Types: Framed structures come in various

types, including steel frame, reinforced
concrete frame, timber frame, and composite
frame structures, each with its advantages
and applications.
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3. zLoad Distribution: In framed structures,
loads are transferred through the frame to the
building's foundation, which distributes the
weight to the ground. This allows for efficient
load distribution and enables the construction
of larger and taller buildings.

4. Flexibility: Framed structures offer

flexibility in architectural design, allowing for
open floor plans, large expanses of glass, and
creative layouts. This flexibility stems from the
ability to vary the spacing and arrangement of
columns and beams within the frame.
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5.z Strength and Stability: Framed
structures provide strength and stability
through the rigid connections between
columns and beams. These connections
resist lateral forces such as wind and
seismic loads, enhancing the building's
resilience.

6. Construction Efficiency: Framed

structures often involve prefabrication and
standardized components, which can
streamline the construction process, reduce
labor costs, and shorten project timelines.
7.z Design Considerations: Engineers and
architects must consider factors such as the
building's intended use, location,
environmental conditions, and aesthetic
preferences when designing framed
structures.

8. Structural Analysis: Framed structures

undergo rigorous structural analysis to
ensure they can withstand the anticipated
loads and meet safety standards. This
analysis may include computer simulations,
finite element analysis, and physical testing.
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9. Materials: Framed structures can be
constructed from various materials, including
steel, concrete, timber, and composite
materials. The choice of material depends on
factors such as strength requirements, cost,
availability, and sustainability.

10. Maintenance and Inspection: Regular

maintenance and inspection are essential to
ensure the continued safety and durability of
framed structures. This includes monitoring for
signs of corrosion, fatigue, and structural
degradation over time.
SPACE STRUCTURE :
z
1. Definition: Space structures are architectural
forms that utilize three-dimensional geometries
to enclose or define space. They often employ
lightweight materials and structural systems to
create large, open areas with minimal support.

2. Types: Space structures encompass a wide

range of forms, including domes, vaults, shells,
gridshells, tensegrity structures, geodesic
domes, and membrane structures. Each type
offers unique aesthetic and structural qualities.
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3. Structural Principles: Space structures rely
z
on principles such as tension, compression,
bending, and membrane action to achieve
stability and strength while minimizing material
usage. These principles allow for innovative and
efficient designs.

4. Material Selection: Space structures often

use lightweight materials such as steel,
aluminum, timber, fabric membranes, and
composite materials. These materials offer high
strength-to-weight ratios, flexibility, and ease of
fabrication, enabling the creation of complex
forms.
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5. Form Finding: The design process for space
structures
z often involves form-finding techniques,
where the geometry is optimized to achieve
structural efficiency and aesthetic appeal. This
may involve computational tools, physical
models, or iterative design processes.

6. Spatial Experience: Space structures offer

unique spatial experiences characterized by
expansive, open interiors with minimal
obstruction. They can create dynamic and
memorable environments for various functions,
including exhibition spaces, atria, stadiums, and
pavilions.
7. Environmental
z Considerations: Space
structures can incorporate sustainable design
principles such as passive ventilation, daylighting
strategies, and rainwater harvesting. Their
lightweight construction and efficient use of
materials can reduce environmental impact and
energy consumption.

8. Construction Methods: Space structures

may utilize a combination of onsite construction
and prefabrication techniques. Advanced
fabrication methods such as digital fabrication
and robotic assembly can streamline the
construction process and enable complex
geometries.
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9.z Structural Analysis: Space structures
undergo rigorous structural analysis to ensure
they can withstand loads and meet safety
standards. This analysis may include finite
element analysis, computational fluid dynamics,
and physical testing.

10. Iconic Examples: Iconic space structures,

such as the Sydney Opera House, the Eden
Project Biomes, and the Georgia Dome,
showcase the architectural and engineering
potential of these forms. They serve as
landmarks and cultural symbols, inspiring future
generations of architects and designers.
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 THANK YOU