Muscles

❖ Describe how
muscles work
❖ Make predictions
and evidences
when muscles work
 ISSU Checkpoint
Coursebook
Digital

How
muscles
work
Picture Reveal
1.Name the bones that the
biceps muscles is attached
to.
2.Name the bones that the
triceps muscles is attached
to. Names two
3.‘Bi’ means ‘two’. ‘Tri’ means muscles in
three. Look carefully at the the arms
diagram, and suggest why
the biceps and triceps are
given their names.

Questions
● Muscles are organs that
help us to move.
● The diagram shows the
two main muscles in the
upper arm.
● The muscles are attached
to the bones by tendons.
Tendons are very strong,
and they do not stretch.
 How muscles work

❖Muscles can get shorter. This is called

contraction. When muscles contract,
they produce a pulling force.
❖Look at the diagram on the left!
❖When the biceps muscle contracts, it
pulls on the radius and scapula.
❖The pulling force is transmitted to
You can see the these bones through the strong
biceps muscle tendons.
bulging when it ❖The radius is pulled upwards, towards
makes the arm the scapula. The arm bends.
bend.
Discuss with your
friend!
How muscles
work.
 Questions
4. Predict what will
happen if the
biceps stop
contracting, and
the triceps
contracts.
5. Explain why it is
important that
tendons do not
stretch.
 Predict-Explain

4. The triceps will get

shorter. It will pull ulna
towards the scapula. The
arm will get straighter.
5. The tendons must
transmit the force of the
contracting muscles to
the bones. If the tendons
stretched, the bones
would not move.
Search about
antagonistic
muscles.
❖ Explain about
antagonistic muscles
❖ Make conclusions
based from a set of
results.
MATERIALS
List explanations about
antagonistic muscles
● Muscles can contract and make
themselves shorter. However
muscles cannot make
themselves get longer.
● When a muscle is not
contracting, we say that it is
relaxed.
● A relaxed muscle does not do
anything by itself. But if a
force pulls on i, the force can
make the relaxed muscle get
longer.
● The diagram shows what
happens when biceps muscle
contracts and the triceps
muscle relaxes.
● This diagram shows how
the arm can be made
straight again. To do this,
the triceps muscle
contracts, and the biceps
muscle relaxes.
● The biceps and triceps
work as a team. When one
of them contracts, the
other one relaxes.
● A pair of muscles that
work together like this are
called antagonistic muscles.
When do muscles
contract and
relaxed? Question:
6 Explain why the
biceps muscle
alone cannot
make the arm
straighten.

https://www.toppr.com/ask/
content/story/amp/importance-of-
muscles-in-movement-of-bones-
124460/
 Muscles experiment to
make conclusions from a
set of results.
1.4 Muscle
experiment
Reading of
results
using data
 Answer:
6 The biceps
What
muscle cannot
happened
make itself get
when muscles
longer. It cannot
are
push the radius
overused?
downwards.
 Prepare for
unit test in
week 5!

What’s antagonistic muscles

in the arms and legs?