PHYSICAL

SCIENCE
GRADE 11
LIMITING REACTANT
OBJECTIVES
 What are the
REVIE
Factors
W Affecting the
Rate of
Reaction?
 CHEMICAL or PHYSICAL
CHANGE
PRETEST
1.Baking a pie
2.Burning a paper
3.Dissolving coffee in hot
water
4.Dissolving sugar in water
5.Mixing paint to make a new
color
CHEMICAL
CHANGE &
PHYSICAL
CHANGE
 Occurs when new
CHEMICAL substances that have
CHANGE different characteristics are
formed
PHYSICAL  no new substances are
CHANGE formed.
 1. Melting of ice
2. Souring of milk
CHEMICAL 3. Burning a piece of wood
CHANGE 4. Attracting nails using magnets
5. Cutting paper into pieces
OR 6. Tarnishing silver
PHYSICAL 7. Breaking glass
CHANGE 8. Bleaching a stain
9. Fermenting coconut sap
10.Boiling water
  In writing an equation, indicate the state
of reactants and the products. Write (s) if
the substance is a solid, (l) if liquid and (g)
CHEMICAL if gas. Write (aq) if the substance is in an
EQUATION aqueous solution (with water)

Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) ZnCl

 1. 2Fe + 3Cl2 2FeCl3
Lets count the
number of
REACTANT PRODUCT
atoms in the
REACTANT 2 Fe 2 Fe
side and 6 Cl 6 Cl
PRODUCT
side
 4NO2 + 2H2O + O2 4HNO3
Lets count the
number of REACTANT PRODUCT
atoms in the 4N 4N
REACTANT
side and 12 O 12 O
PRODUCT 4H 4H
side
 C4H8 + 6O2 4CO2 + 4H2O

Lets count the

number of  REACTANT PRODUCT
atoms in the  4C 4C
REACTANT
 8H 8H
side and
PRODUCT  12 O 12O
side
  The reactants and products in a
chemical equation can be balance
BALANCING
as long as you know how to count
A CHEMICAL
atoms. The number of atoms of
EQUATION
an element in the reactant side
and the product must be EQUAL.
Count the H2 + Cl2 HCl
number of
atom in the
reactant side REACTANT PRODUCT
and product 2H 1H
side. 2 Cl 1 Cl
Balance the
number of H H2 + Cl2 2 HCl
and Cl in the
product by
multiplying REACTANT PRODUCT
the number of 2H 2H
HCl molecule 2 Cl 2Cl
by 2
 1. Count atoms of each element on the
two sides of the equation.
Hints for 2. Determine which atoms need to be
balanced
balancing 3. Balance element one at a time by
chemical placing the correct coefficient in front
of the chemical formula.
equation. 4. Recheck the number of atoms in the
two sides of the equation. Repeat if
there are discrepancies in the result.
Try 1. S2 + O2 SO2
this!
Balance the 2. Al + Cl2 AlCl3
given
equation.
 The limiting reactants limit
LIMITING the amount of the product
REACTANT that can be formed by the
S reaction. After all the
limiting reactants is
consumed, the product will
stop to form.
 Is a reagent that is
EXCESS
REAGENT not used up when
the reaction is
finished.
 Lets consider the following
reaction:
How to
determine the
limiting
reactant? N2 + 3H2 2NH3
 N2 + 3H2 2NH3
How to Determine the amount of NH3
determine the
limiting that forms in this reaction when
reactant? 84.06g of N2 and 22.18g H2 react.
 N2 + 3H2 2NH3
Here are the steps in solving the problem.
How to 1.Convert to moles the amount in grams of
determine the the reactants. N (14.01), H (1.008)
limiting N2 : 84.06 g N2 = 3 moles
reactant? 28.02g/mole N2

H2 22. 18 g H2 =11.002 moles

2.016g/mole H2
In the balanced equation:
1 mole N2 react with 3 moles
H2 to produce 2 moles NH3.
Therefore 3 moles N2 will
react with 9 moles H2 to form
6 moles NH3.H2 is excess
reagent by 2.002 moles. N2 is
the limiting reagents.
 • What is the limiting reactant if we start
with 2.80 g of Al and 4.25g of Cl?
• Al (26.98), Cl (35.45)

Try this! 2Al + 3Cl2 2AlCl3

• Limiting Reactant – Cl2

• Excess Reagent - Al
Thank You!
 End of Week 6