GOOD MORNING,

GRADE 6!
Have you ever seen or gone near a
volcano?

Mt. Bulusan in Sorsogon

 HOW
VOLCANIC
ERRUPTION
OCCUR?
Table of 01 What is a volcano?
contents 02 How are volcanoes formed?
03 Parts of volcano
04 Types of volcanoes
05 Volcanic eruptions
06 The most famous volcanoes
What is a volcano?
●A volcano is an opening of in
the Earth’s crust where lava,
pyroclast, and gases are ejected
onto the surface during
eruption.
How are volcanoes formed?
Movement of tectonic plates
Volcanoes can be formed by the constant movement of tectonic plates on the earth,
which promote the origin of the volcano when a collision occurs between these plates
where one of them emerges. This gives rise to the hot liquid in specific areas of the earth

Tectonic plate separation

Volcanoes can also form in places where the plates, instead of colliding, separate.
Because of this, the lithosphere weakens and allows magma to appear in the earth’s
interior
Parts of a
volcano
Parts of a volcano
● Magmatic chamber: is a deposit of molten rock or magma that lies beneath the earth’s crust at high
pressure
● Volcanic chimney: is the space that communicates the magmatic chamber with the exterior. Its
length may vary according to the shape of the volcano
● Crater: it is the hole or opening of the volcano, it is the contact between the chimney and the
exterior surface, from where the magma will be expelled from the interior of the earth
● Volcanic cone: the various liquid, solid and gaseous materials expelled by the volcano from the
earth’s interior
● Secondary cones: in the event that fissures are created by the pressure exerted by the gases during
the eruption, the various materials will also be expelled through them
Features of volcanoes
1. The formation of a volcano can take thousands of years. It is a very slow process

2. There are different forms of volcanoes, but most of them have in common the opening from where
they expel different liquid, solid and gaseous materials

3. The materials that form the volcano can be varied since this will depend on the terrestrial crust
where it is produced

4. The fact that a volcano is inactive does not guarantee that it will not be able to start a volcanic
eruption process

5. The temperature of the lava expelled by the volcano can reach up to 1000 °C

6. Volcanoes are also in space, as they are formed on planets and satellites
Types of volcanoes
There are different types of volcanoes, which depend on the
place where they originated, their shape and size, and even
the materials they expel. The best known are: composite
volcanoes or stratovolcanoes, cinder or scoria cones, shield
volcanoes, calderas and submarine volcanoes
Volcanic eruptions

Volcanic eruption is the violent expulsion of different liquid, solid

and gaseous materials (lava, magma, gases, rocks, etc.) from the
interior of the earth’s crust to the earth’s surface. This occurs when
the temperature inside the earth rises, and an internal explosion
occurs
Volcanic eruptions Occur:
When tectonic plates collide, massive
rocks underground deform and trigger
a build-up of temperature and
pressure. The high temperature and
pressure results in melting of rocks,
producing magma .
Volcanic eruptions Occur:
 Inside the volcano is a magma
chamber. Molten rock inside this
chamber is forcefully driven out by
intense heat and pressure.
The most famous volcanoes
The most important volcanoes worldwide according to their size, activity and age are:

Name of the volcano Location

01 Kilimanjaro Tanzania
02 Popocatépetl Mexico
03 Mauna Loa Hawaii
04 Etna Sicily (Italy)
05 Vesuvius Italy
06 Teide Tenerife (Spain)
07 Lanín Argentina
Volcanic experiment: materials
Step by step to create your own homemade volcano

Materials
01 Cardboard 07 Sodium bicarbonate

02 Scissors 08 Liquid dish detergent

03 Adhesive tape 09 Plate

04 Funnel 10 Pencil

05 Empty 1 or 1.5 L plastic bottle 11 Soup spoon and dessert spoon

06 Vinegar 12 Coloring - optional

Volcanic experiment: steps
Draw the silhouette of a volcano, taking into account the neck of the bottle, on the
01 cardboard. It should be big enough to cover the bottle and go down to half the height of the
bottle

02 Cut out the silhouette and fold it into a cone shape

Cut the bottle into two pieces. One will go from the neck of it to ⅓ of the length of the
03 container. The second will be the base area

04 Tape the two pieces together to make a shorter bottle

Add newspaper to the shape of the bottle and, to finish shaping the volcano, place the
05 cardboard cone. Paint the color of your choice on your volcano
Volcanic experiment: steps
In a bowl, mix the baking soda, food coloring and a little
06 detergent
07 Stir the elements until well blended

08 Pour the mixture inside the volcano

Finally, pour through the mouth of the bottle, with the help of
09 a funnel, a good splash of vinegar. Remove the funnel and
observe the reaction

Source of the experiment:

https://saposyprincesas.elmundo.es/ocio-en-casa/experimentos/experimento-un-volcan-en-erupcion/
Thanks!
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