WELCOME

OBJECTIVES
a)identify the standards to use in judging the relevance and worth of
ideas, soundness of author’s reasoning, and the effectiveness of
the presentation;

b) provide critical feedback/reaction to a specific situation

c) evaluate information sources using the CAARP test; and

d) exemplify self-reliance in verifying the reliability and credibility

of a website using the CAARP tool
MOTIVATIONAL
ACTIVITY
 WHO AM I?
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Introduction:

As students, you often work on assignments requiring the use of credible

sources. But what does it mean for a source to be credible? Why is it
important to use these sources? How can you tell if the online source is
credible? When we describe a source to be credible or basically saying
that the information is high-quality and trustworthy, essentially, we
believe what the source is telling us. When we use high quality online or
other sources to back-up our points, we demonstrate our own credibility
as a writer, thereby contributing to the overall effectiveness of our
statements.
The credibility of a source is influenced by several factors,
including expertise, viewpoint, and publication date. The
author's level of competence, indicated by advanced degrees or
experience in a specific fieldplays a significant role. Reliable
sources usually include the author's qualifications, but in some
cases, this information may not be provided, and the
publication itself serves as an indicator of quality. Even in non-
scholarly media like reputable newspapers and magazines, the
content of articles undergoes thorough scrutiny before
publication.
The author’s point of view can impact a
source’s credibility due to potential bias,
which may stem from deliberate or
inadvertent prejudice. Objective evidence and
considering multiple perspectives are crucial
for maintaining accuracy in one’s work.
When evaluating sources, consider the date of publication or latest
update to ensure their relevance and accuracy. Not all reliable
sources may be suitable for your study, so assess their
trustworthiness as well. As a student, develop the ability to filter
information and avoid misinformation, particularly when dealing
with social problems and real-world challenges. This will help you
make informed decisions based on the value and relevance of the
material from various sources.
In making sound judgments about the overall
quality of informationpresented in a viewing material,
you need to consider the following elements:
1. Currency Page
Currency is important because information can quickly become
obsolete.Supporting your statement with facts that have been superseded
by new research or recent events weakens your argument.Of course,not
all assignments require the most current information; older materials can
providean historical or comprehensive understanding of your topic.

How do you know if the timeliness of your information is appropriate?

When was the information published or last updated?

Have newer articles been published on your topic?
Are links or references to other sources up to date? Is your topic in an area
that changes rapidly, like technology or popular culture?
If these cars were sources, which would you use?

•Old and Abandoned Car – This source was perfectly

appropriateonce upon a time.But now it’s so old it no
longer runs.It’s rusty and abandoned and totally out of date.
Don’t use old, outdated information. Find something that still
runs.
 •Classic and Well Maintained Car – This source may have been
written many years ago, but it’s still considered to be a core
work on the subject. You will encounter sources like this more often
in the humanities and social sciences than in medicine and the
sciences where it is crucial to consider the current research. If in doubt
about an older source, ask your professor or alibrarian for guidance.

•Shiny and New Car – Current research and information is usually

best.For example, if you’re researching a controversial issue,
you should consider the debate that is playing out right now. In the
sciences, new practices and innovations are being introduced all the
time. Current information could make the difference between life and
death.
Questions to Ask?

1. When was the source (website, article, book, etc.)

published? Books – Have the date information on the
back of the Title Page. Internet Articles – and websites
usually post the date information just after the article title
or at the bottom of the webpage. Do you need ‘up-to-
date’ info? Does your topic require recent sources? If
you are writing about iPads or heart surgery techniques,
you are going to need a very new, up-to-date information.
2. Accuracy

Accuracy is the extent to which information contains factual

and updated details that can be verified by consulting
alternative and/or primary sources.
Questions to Ask?
1. Is there any support?
2. Is the information supported by evidence or outside
sources?
Notice how this author cites
evidence and uses footnotes to
show where she found the
information.

Does the information seem correct

based on your personal knowledge?

Trust your gut. If a source just

seems wrong, be skeptical and
consideranother source for your
research. The Internet is full of
false claims, hoax websites, and
satire.
3. Authority

Authority is important in judging the credibility of the author’s

assertions. In a trial regarding DNA evidence, a jury gives far
more authority to what a genetics specialist has to say
compared to someone off the street.
Questions to Ask?

1. Who authored/created the information?

2. Who is the Author, publisher, or creator of the article, website, or

book? For articles and books, it is usually pretty easy to find the
name of the author. However, Internet articles often do not have
authors listed, in which case the creator of the website is
considered to be the author of the article.Many websites list
authors at the bottom of the home page.
3. What are the author’s credentials? Is he/she qualified to
write on this topic? Since anyone can post anything on the
Internet, you need to make sure that the author has the
expertise to know what he/she is talking about. Try
Googling the author. What can you learn about their
qualifications?
4.relevance

Relevance is the information's level of importance to a particular

viewing purpose or explicitly stated need for that information.
1. Does your source really relate to your topic and help you support your
argument? This may seem obvious, but sometimes when you are in a
hurry to find information, you find articles that sort of relate to your
topic, but don’t truly help you to make your argument. Take the time to
find information that helps you make the point you want to make. Your
argument will be stronger!
2. Is the information at the appropriate level?
4 . Purpose
Purpose is important because books, articles, and Web
pages exist to educate, entertain, or sell a product or point of view.
Some sources may be frivolous or commercial in nature,
providing in adequate, false, or biased information. Other
sources are more ambiguous concerning their partiality.Varied
points of view can be valid, as long as they are based
upon good reasoning and careful use of evidence. Why was your
source written? Here are a few common reasons information is
published: - Sell – Infomercials - Inform – Reporter on the news,
Researcher in a study - Persuade – Activist, Debater/Speechmaker
Questions to Ask?
1. Why was your source written?

2. What is the purpose of the source? Information that is seeking to sell

you something or persuade you is more likely to discuss the positive
aspects of a product or point of view. For a more balanced view, seek out
sources that were created to inform.
3. Does the information express a bias toward a particular
view? Information of all purposes can be used. In fact,
sometimes information that presents a bias or preference for
a certain point of view can be useful when you are creating
an argument. However, if you are writing an informative
paper, itis a good idea to acknowledge any bias you find in
your source, so that your teacher knows that you recognize
the expressed bias.
Directions: Applying the CAARP test, analyze the following situations
and decide whether it help in obtaining credible and reliable
information or not, Put a check (/) if yes and cross (x) if not.

____ 1. You are reading an article about the number of new positive
cases of COVID-19 in your place. Then, you found out that thearticle is
already out of date.
____ 2. Amanda saw a viral Twitter post from unknown source
who asserted that a medical plant is being used to cure
Covid 19patients.
____ 3. A resource speaker in the seminar you are attending mentioned
names of credible authors while expounding hid ideas.
____ 4. Your friend saw a cryptic news headline and shared it
in her time line, but it does not present any details
about the whole story.

____ 5. A social media influencer stressed, “Filipinos have no

right in the West Philippine Sea.” However, he failed to cite
any source to prove his claim.
Directions: Read and analyze each question on evaluating sources carefully. Then
choose the letter that corresponds to the correct answer.
THANK YOU!