TYPES OF PARAGRAPHS

• Compare and Contrast

C&C MEANING?

• Compare = Similarities

• Contrast = Differences
KEYS TO COMPARE & CONTRAST?

• Topic choice

• Balance

• Targeted phrases/words

• Method of Presentation

• Not just listing

WHAT ARE GOOD TOPICS?

• Comparing & Contrasting the USA and Japan?

• Comparing & Contrasting high school in USA and Japan?

• Comparing effects of alcohol abuse and cigarette abuse?

• Contrasting good teachers and bad teachers?

WHAT ARE GOOD TOPICS?

• Comparing & Contrasting the USA and Japan?

• Comparing & Contrasting high school in USA and Japan?

• Comparing effects of alcohol abuse and cigarette abuse?

• Contrasting good teachers and bad teachers?

BRAINSTORM A TOPIC

1.
KEYS TO COMPARE & CONTRAST?

• Topic choice

• Balance

• Targeted phrases/words

• Method of Presentation

• Not just listing

 Busses and trains are both great types of public transport, but they aren’t totally

the same. Both trains and busses are inexpensive ways to travel. You don’t need to own

one to use it. Similarly, from one station, you can go to many different places. They both

are more efficient than cars, because they can hold many more people. This means they

are better for the environment. In addition, you can use your IC card to ride most of

them. This means paying to use them is simple and fast. They both have schedules, and

so you can only take them during certain times. A difference is that bus stops can be

much less expensive to build than train stops, since you need whole stations for trains.

These are the similarities and differences between busses and trains.
WHAT CAN WE DO?

• Change the topic sentence

• Add more differences

KEYS TO COMPARE & CONTRAST?

• Topic choice

• Balance

• Targeted phrases/words

• Method of Presentation

• Not just listing

 WORDS/PHRASES

Comparison Contrast
• Moreover, • Instead,

• Additionally, • Conversely,

• Similarly, • On the contrary,

• Also, • On the other hand,

 USED IN 2 SENTENCE GROUPS

Comparison Contrast

Japan is working hard to Violent crime is going down all over

reduce the overfishing problem. the world. Conversely, crime like

Similarly, China is reducing its stealing and other non-violent crime is

overfishing, too. rising still.

 USED IN 2 SENTENCE GROUPS

Comparison Contrast
Jr. High School students are North Dakota is continuing to build oil

feeling the pressure of H.S. pipelines, but South Dakota is not.

entrance exams. Also, H.S. Instead, they are focused on wind

students are feeling the same energy.

about university tests!

 WORLD CUP & SUMMER OLYMPICS

Comparison Contrast
• Moreover, • Instead,

• Additionally, • Conversely,

• Similarly, • On the contrary,

• Also, • On the other hand,

KEYS TO COMPARE & CONTRAST?

• Topic choice

• Balance

• Targeted phrases/words

• Your approach

• Not just listing

TWO APPROACHES

• All similarities = 1 paragraph, all differences = 1 paragraph

• Comparing and contrasting point by point.

KEYS TO COMPARE & CONTRAST?

• Topic choice

• Balance

• Targeted phrases/words

• Your approach

• Not just listing

 Busses and trains are both great types of public transport, but they aren’t totally

the same. Both trains and busses are inexpensive ways to travel. You don’t need to own

one to use it. Similarly, from one station, you can go to many different places. They both

are more efficient than cars, because they can hold many more people. This means they

are better for the environment. In addition, you can use your IC card to ride most of

them. This means paying to use them is simple and fast. They both have schedules, and

so you can only take them during certain times. A difference is that bus stops can be

much less expensive to build than train stops, since you need whole stations for trains.

These are the similarities and differences between busses and trains.