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 What is Computer?
A Computer is an electronic device that
manipulates information, or data.
Computer has the ability to store, retrieve,
and process data.
Computer has capability to transform data.
Computer was invented by CHARLES
BABBAGE.
 Importance of
 Speed: Computers perform very fast calculations and processing of million
Computer
instructions and tasks in a few seconds.
 Efficiency: The computers are not only fast but also, the information processed
is highly efficient and accurate.
 Reliable: Computers are highly reliable for long working hours and can do
heavy amounts of work for long durations, unlike humans.
 Versatile: The variety of tasks that a computer can perform is highly versatile
as the functions and tasks performed can be of a billion types ranging from
simple calculations to highly complicated science researches.
 Storage: The amount of data that a computer can store is very vast and also the
management and accessing of data is very organized and efficient. It also avoids
the loss of data.
 Basic Operation of
Computer
Input Processin Output
Data g Data Data

Data
Storage
 Input Data
 Collecting the data and instructions being given by the user. It can also be
called as Data Capturing.
 Types of Input Data:
1. Keyboard:
1. It is a most common input device.
2. The data and instructions are input by typing on the keyboard
3. The message typed on the keyboard reaches the memory unit of a computer
4. It is connected to a computer via a cable.
5. Apart from alphabet and numeral keys, it has other function keys for
performing different functions.
 Input Data
1. Mouse:
1. It is a pointing device.
2. The mouse is rolled over the mouse pad,
which in turn controls the movement of the
cursor in the screen.
3. You can click, double click or drag the mouse.
4. Its sensor notifies the speed of its movements to the computer, which in turn
moves the cursor/pointer on the screen.
5. Two types of Mouses :
1. Wireless Mouse – Help of Bluetooth and also connector
2. Wire Mouse– with the help of USB cable to connect the computer
 Input Data
1. Scanner:
1. Scanners are used to enter information directly in to the
computer memory.
2. This device works like a Xerox machine.
3. The scanner converts any type of printed or written information
including photographs into digital pulses, which can be
manipulated by the computer.
 Input Data
1. Track Ball:
1. Track ball is similar to the upside- down design of the mouse.
2. The user moves the ball directly, while the device itself remains
stationary.
3. The user spins the ball in various directions to effect the screen
movements.
 Input Data
1. Light Pen:
1. This is an input device which is used to draw lines or figures on a
computer screen
2. It is touched to the CRT screen where it can detect raster on the
screen as it passes.
 Input Data
1. Optical Character Reader(OCR):
1. It is a device which detects alpha numeric characters printed or
written on a paper.
2. The text which is to be scanned is illuminated by a low frequency
light source.
3. The light is absorbed by the
dark areas but reflected from the
bright areas
4. The reflected light is received
by the photocells.
 Input Data
1. Voice Input Systems:
1. It converts spoken words to machine language form.
2. A microphone is used to convert human speech into electric signals.
3. The signal pattern is then transmitted to a computer when it is compared to a
dictionary of patterns that have been previously placed in a storage unit of
computer.
4. When a close match is found, the word is recognized.
 Input Data
1. Digital Camera:
1. It converts graphics directly into digital form.
2. An electronic chip in used in camera, when light falls, on the chip though the
lens, it converts light waves into electrical waves.
 Output Data
1. Output Device produces the final results of computer into human
understandable form.
2. Output unit accepts the results produced by the computer which are in coded
form and it converts these coded results to human readable form.
Types of output data
 Monitor:
1. It is also called Visual Display Unit (VDU) and it is used to display
information from the computer.
2. There are coloured as well as black and white monitors. The monitor displays
text and graphics. Based on the technology used, monitor is classified into
two types. They are Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) monitor and Liquid Crystal
Display (LCD) monitor
 Types Of Output Data
 Monitor:
1. It is also called Visual Display Unit (VDU) and it is used to display
information from the computer.
2. There are colored as well as black and white monitors.
3. The monitor displays text and graphics.
4. Based on the technology used, monitor is classified into two types. They are
1. Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) monitor
2. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) monitor
 Types Of Output Data
 Printer:
1. A printer is used for transferring data from the computer to the
paper.
2. There are color printers as well as black and white printers.
3. The different types of printers are Dot Matrix Printers, Inkjet
Printer and Laser Printers.
Types Of Output Data

Types Of Output Data
Touch Screen:
 A touch screen is a display screen that is sensitive to human touch.
 It allows the user to interact with the computer by touching pictures or words displayed on the
screen.
 Touch screens are used to display the output information on the screen as well as to give input
by touching the words or pictures on the screen.
 Thus it is an input/output device. Touch screens are normally used when information has to be
accessed with minimum effort.
 Types Of Output Data
 Plotter:
 Plotter is very large in size and is used to produce graphical output on papers.
 It uses single or multi color pens to draw pictures as blue print, posters etc.
Types Of Output Data