HEALTH 10 – Unit 3

HEALTH TRENDS, ISSUES, AND CONCERNS

GLOBAL LEVEL
• Content Standard:
- The learner demonstrates awareness of global health
initiatives.

• Performance Standard:
- The learner demonstrates competencies in applying
knowledge of global health to local or national context.
 Objectives:
The learners are expected to:
• Determines the different global health issues/initiatives and the 8
Millennium Development Goals of the UN;
• Demonstrates and applies learnings on how to addressed different
issues and concerns; and
• Appreciates the significance of health awareness and the
importance of 8 goals of UN.
WORD HUNT: Use pencil/ballpoint pen and write the answers in your activity sheet.
M A L A R I A I D E N T
W A T E R S A F E T Y R
A Q S E S A E S I D N E
H T L A E H S N E M O W
M E N T A L H E A L T H
Z X C N M K I L O P O E
A S D P A O V T R D N U
E N V I R O N M E N T G
E R D N O I T I R T U N
E S T Y R R W E T Y B E
S T O W T O B A C C O D
M A L A R I A I D E N T

W A T E R S A F E T Y R

A Q S E S A E S I D N E

H T L A E H S N E M O W

M E N T A L H E A L T H

Z X C N M K I L O P O E

A S D P A O V T R D N U

E N V I R O N M E N T G

E R D N O I T I R T U N

E S T Y R R W E T Y B E

S T O W T O B A C C O D
Answer the following questions:
1. What are the current health issues and concerns in your community?
Share and discuss these health initiatives.
2. What will the world be like if health issues and concerns are not properly
addressed?
3. If you are a health worker in your community, what health issues and
concerns do you think should be addressed immediately? Why?
SELF-CHECK
Read each statements about global health and choose the best answer by writing the letter in
the activity sheet.

1. Which of these international organizations is the chief body responsible for

providing leadership on global health, setting norms and standards and
proving health support to countries around the world.
A. International Committee of the Red Cross
B. United Nations Health and Life Insurance
C. World Bank
D. World Health Organization
2. Which area recorded the highest death rate among children aged 5 years and below?
A. Africa
B. East Asia and Pacific
C. Latin America
D. South Asia

3. Which disease is the leading cause of death among people who live in developing
countries?
A. Hearts Diseases
B. HIV/AIDS
C. Malaria
D. Respiratory Disease
4. Which region with individuals living in low and middle-income countries is
the most affected by HIV infections?
A. East Asia
B. Pacific Region
C. Sub-Saharan Africa
D. South Asia

5. Which life-style disease is the top leading cause of death worldwide?

A. Diabetes
B. Heart Disease
C. Hypertension
D. Stroke
Global Health and the Development Goals
• “Global Health pertains to various health issues, concerns, and
trends which go beyond national boundaries and call for global
initiatives for the protection and promotion of peoples’ health
across the world”
- Ilona
Kickbush (2006), director of the Global Health Program at the Graduate
Institute of International and n Development Studies in Geneva, Switzerland
• “Global health is an area for study, research and practice that prioritize
health improvement and achieving impartially in healthcare and
wellness worldwide”.
-
Koplan and Associates (2009)

• “ Cooperative research and action of international communities to

promote health for all”
-
Beaglehole and Bonita (2010)
ISSUES, CONCERNS AND TRENDS in the GLOBAL LEVEL

Health
Issues,
Concerns
and Trends
The 8 Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)

• The United Nations Millennium Development Goals were created through

the United Nations Millennium Declaration agreed and signed upon back
in September 2000.
 8 MDGs
1. Eradicate extreme poverty and
hunger
- Globally, the number of people living in
extreme poverty declined from 36 per
cent in 1990 to 10 per cent in 2015.

New research published by the UNU World Institute for

Development Economics Research warns that the economic
fallout from
the global pandemic could increase global poverty by as much
as half a billion people
, or 8% of the total human population.
2. Achieve Universal Primary Education
- To achieve this MDG target,
countries need to ensure that
primary school-age children are
enrolled and that they complete
the full primary years.
What if the goal Achieve universal primary education is
achieved?
Not only does education improve individual and
familial health, but it also improves the health of a
community. In countries with solid education systems in
place, there are lower crime rates, greater economic growth
and improved social services.
 3. Promote Gender
Equality And
Empower Women

Women and girls, everywhere, must

have equal rights and opportunity,
and be able to live free of violence
and discrimination.
Targets
• End all forms of discrimination against all women and girls everywhere.
• Eliminate all forms of violence against all women and girls in the public and private spheres, including
trafficking and sexual and other types of exploitation.
• Eliminate all harmful practices, such as child, early and forced marriage and female genital mutilation.
• Recognize and value unpaid care and domestic work through the provision of public services, infrastructure and
social protection policies and the promotion of shared responsibility within the household and the family as
nationally appropriate.
• Ensure women’s full and effective participation and equal opportunities for leadership at all levels of decision
making in political, economic and public life.
• Ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health and reproductive rights as agreed in accordance with
the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development and the Beijing
Platform for Action and the outcome documents of their review conferences.
• Undertake reforms to give women equal rights to economic resources, as well as access to ownership and control
over land and other forms of property, financial services, inheritance and natural resources, in accordance with
national laws.
• Enhance the use of enabling technology, in particular information and communications technology, to promote
the empowerment of women.
• Adopt and strengthen sound policies and enforceable legislation for the promotion of gender equality and the
empowerment of all women and girls at all levels.
4. Reduce Child Mortality
According to the World Health Organization,
six solutions to the most preventable causes of
under-5 deaths include:
1. Immediate and exclusive breastfeeding
2. Skilled attendants for antenatal, birth, and
postnatal care
3. Access to nutrition and micronutrients
4. Family knowledge of danger signs in a child’s
health
5. Improved access to water, sanitation, and The six most preventable causes of death for children
hygiene younger than 5 are:
6. Immunizations Premature birth (18% of deaths)
Childhood malnutrition is an Pneumonia (16% of deaths)
underlying cause of 45% of all Birth defects (13% of deaths)
deaths among children younger Newborn infections, malaria, sepsis, measles (13% of
than 5, according to the WHO. deaths)
Birth complications (11% of deaths)
Diarrhea (9% of deaths)
 5. Improve Maternal Health

1. Empower women
2. Kit out refugee camps
3. Use an integrated approach
4. Provide access to contraception
and safe abortions
5. Make responses context-
specific
6. Get men involved
7. Go back to basics
8. Target the most marginalised.
9. Recruit local staff
10.Track child marriage
 6. Combat HIV/AIDS,
MALARIA and other diseases

Malaria is not caused by a virus or

bacteria. Malaria is caused by a
parasite known as Plasmodium,
which is normally spread through
infected mosquitoes. A mosquito
takes a blood meal from an infected
human, taking in Plasmodia which are
in the blood.
 HIV/AIDS
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus

- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

HIV is caused by a virus. It can spread

through sexual contact, illicit injection drug
use or sharing needles, contact with infected
blood, or from mother to child during
pregnancy, childbirth or breastfeeding.

HIV destroys CD4 T cells — white blood

cells that play a large role in helping your
body fight disease.
 7. Ensure environment
sustainability
Environmental sustainability is responsibly
interacting with the planet to maintain natural
resources and avoid jeopardizing the ability for
future generations to meet their needs.

- The natural resources base and ecosystems

must be managed sustainably to meet
people's food requirements and other
environmental, social and economic needs.
- Climate change, increased water scarcity
and conflicts over access to resources all
pose challenges to environmental
sustainability and food security.
 8. Global Partnership For
Development

The Global Partnership for Effective

Development Co-operation (the Global
Partnership) is the primary multi-stakeholder
vehicle for driving development effectiveness,
to "maximize the effectiveness of all forms of
co-operation for development for the shared
benefits of people, planet, prosperity and
peace."