Operations Research

Presented By,
Thilak Infancia J
 INTRODUCTION
• Operations research is an analytical
method of problem-solving and decision-
making that is useful in the management of
organizations. In operations research,
problems are broken down into basic
components and then solved in defined steps
by mathematical analysis
 PROCESS OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH
• Identifying a problem that needs to be solved.
• Constructing a model around the problem that
resembles the real world and variables.
• Using the model to derive solutions on the
model and analyzing its success.
• Implementing the solution to the actual
problem.
 CHARACTERISTICS OF OPERATIONS
RESEARCH
There are three primary characteristics of all
operations research efforts:

*optimization.

*simulation.

*probability and statistics.

 USES OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH
*scheduling and time management.

*Urban and agricultural planning.

*Inventory management .

*Network optimization and engineering.

*packet routing operation.

*Risk management.
 APPLICATONS OF OPERATION RESEARCH

• Finance Budgeting Investments

• Purchasing, procurement and Exploration
• Production Management
• Marketing
• Personnel Management
• Research Development
Uses of operations research in railways
 SCIENTIFIC Method IN OPERATIONS
RESEARCH
• The judgment phase includes.
• The research utilizes.
• The action phase
SCOPE OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH
• In Agriculture.
• In Finance.
• In Industry.
• In Marketing.
• In personnel Management.
• In production Management.
• In L.I.C.
 ROW MINIMA METHOD
Step1:
Identify the cell in the first row which has minimum
transportation cost and allocate as mush as possible to this cell so
that other suplly or demand is exhausted.Eliminate the row or column
in which either supply or demand is exhausted.If both the supply and
demand is exhausted then eliminate either the row or column,but not
both.
Step2:
Reduce the supply/demand units by the amount assigned to the
cell in the uncrossed rows or column.
Step3:
Move to the second row and repeat the process until all the rim
requirements are exhausted.
 COLUMN MINIMA METHOD PROCEDURE
Step1:
Identify the cell in the first column which has minimum
transportation cost and allocate as much as possible this cell so that
other supply or demand is exhausted.Eliminate the row or column in
which either supply or demand is exhausted.If both the supply and
demand is exhausted then eliminate either the row or column,but not
both.
Step2:
Reduce the supply/demand units by the amount assigned to the
cell in uncrossed row and column
Step3:
Move to the second column and repeat the process until all the
rim requirements are exhausted.
 CHARACTERISTICS OF OPERATIONS
RESEARCH
• Inter-disciplinary team approach.
• Wholistic approach to the system.
• Imperfectness of solutions.
• Use of scientific research.
• To optimize the total output.
MODELLING IN OPERATIONS HRESEARC
• Classification by structure.
• Classification models.
• Classifications by Nature of Environment.
• Classification by Behaviour.
• Classification by method of solution.
• Classification by Use of Digital computers.
 PRINCIPLES OF MODELLING
• Do not build up a complicated model when simple one will suffice.
• Beware of melding the problem to fit the technique.
• The deduction phase of modelling must be conducted rigorously.
• Models should be validated prior to implementation.
• A model should never be taken too literally.
• A model should neither be pressed to do, nor criticized for failing to
do that for which it was never intended.
• Beware of over-selling a model.
• Some of the primary benefits of modelling are associated with the
process of developing the model.
• A model cannot be any better than the Information that goes into it.
• Models cannot replace decision makers.
Thank You