Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Sezal Final Project Report
Sezal Final Project Report
ON
BBA 6 th Sem.
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
➢ RESEARCH PROBLEM
➢ NEED FOR THE STUDY
➢ OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
➢ RESEARCH DESIGN
➢ SCOPE OF THE STUDY
➢ LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
➢ SUGGESTIONS
➢ BIBILOGRAPHY
➢ ANNEXURE
5
Lists Of Tables:
Lists of Tables:
GRAPH PAGE
NUMBER GRAPH NAME NUMBER
1 Respondents Gender 19
2 Respondents Age 20
3 Respondents Occupation 21
4 Respondents Monthly Income 22
6
CHAPTER – I
INTRODUCTION
7
INTRODUCTION TO ONLINE SHOPPING
Online shopping is the process whereby consumers directly buy goods or services
from a seller in real-time, without an intermediary service, over the Internet. It is a
form of electronic commerce. The sale or purchase transaction is completed
electronically and interactively in real-time such as in Amazon.com for new
books. However in some cases, an intermediary may be present in a sale or
purchase transaction such as the transactions on eBay.com. An online shop, e-
shop, e-store, internet shop, web shop, web store, online store, or virtual
store evokes the physical analogy of buying products or services at a bricks-
and-mortar retailer or in a shopping centre. The process is called Business-to-
Consumer (B2C) online shopping. This is the type of electronic commerce
conducted by companies such as Amazon.com. When a business buys from
another business it is called Business-to- Business (B2B) online shopping.
A large percentage of electronic commerce is conducted entirely in electronic form
for virtual items such as access to premium content on a website, but mostly
electronic commerce involves the transportation of physical items in some way.
Online retailers are sometimes known as e-tailors and online retail is sometimes
known as e-tail. Almost all big retailers are now electronically present on the
World Wide Web.
Online marketplaces such as eBay and Amazon Marketplace have significantly
reduced financial and reputational barriers to entry for SMEs wishing to trade
online. These marketplaces provide web presence, marketing and payment
services and, in the case of Amazon, fulfillment. This allows SMEs to focus on
their core competencies e.g. managing supplier relationships. Moreover, SMEs
have choices online, as these marketplaces compete with each other (some
retailers sell across several marketplaces) and retailers‘ own websites. They also
compete with paid
8
search providers and others in providing marketing to SMEs. Customer ratings are
a key element of the marketplaces, enabling SMEs to build a reputation at low cost
relative to the offline environment. This element of reputation may be achieved
quickly (just one piece of feedback generates a rating) and is tied to particular
platforms (i.e. ratings are non-transferable).
In 1990, Tim Berners-Lee created the first World Wide Web server and browser in
UK.1 It opened for commercial use in 1991. In 1994 other advances took place,
such as online banking and the opening of an online pizza shop by Pizza Hut.1
During that same year, Netscape introduced SSL encryption of data transferred
online, which has become essential for secure online shopping. Also in 1994, the
German company Inter shop introduced its first online shopping system. In 1995,
Amazon launched its online shopping site, and in 1996, eBay appeared.
Originally, electronic commerce was identified as the facilitation of commercial
transactions electronically, using technology such as Electronic Data Interchange
(EDI) and Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT). These were both introduced in the late
1970s, allowing businesses to send commercial documents like purchase orders or
invoices electronically. The growth and acceptance of credit cards, automated teller
machines (ATM) and telephone banking in the 1980s were also forms of electronic
commerce. Another form of e-commerce was the airline reservation system
typified by Sabre in the USA and Travicom in the UK. From the 1990s onwards,
electronic commerce would additionally include enterprise resource planning
systems (ERP), data mining and data warehousing.
In 1990, Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web browser and transformed
an academic telecommunication network into a worldwide everyman everyday
communication system called internet/www. Commercial enterprise on the Internet
was strictly prohibited by NSF until 1995.2 Although the Internet became popular
worldwide around 1994 with the adoption of Mosaic web browser, it took about
9
five years to introduce security protocols and DSL allowing continual connection
to the Internet. By the end of 2000, many European and American business
companies offered their services through the World Wide Web. Since then people
began to associate a word "ecommerce" with the ability of purchasing various
goods through the Internet using secure protocols and electronic payment services.
10
E COMMERCE:
What is “E-Commerce”? There are many different definitions and understanding
about E-Commerce.
According to Frederick J. Riggins and Hyeun-Suk Rhee, a recent pilot survey
shows that some practitioners and managers view E-Commerce buying and selling
goods and products over internet.
However, researchers believe the E-Commerce practice should include a
wide variety of presale and post-sale activities.
Applegate et al. identify three classes of e-commerce applications:
-Customer-to-business
- Business-to business
-Intra organzational.
-The Scope of Electronic Commerce Electronic Commerce encompasses one
or more of the following:
• EDI
• EDI on the Internet
• E-mail on the Internet
11
- Differences between Electronic Commerce and traditional commerce
- The major difference is the way information is exchanged and processed:
• Traditional commerce:
12
- Capabilities Required for Internet/Web Commerce?
- Enable buyers to:
- inquire about products
- review product and service information
- place orders, authorize payment
- receive both goods and services on-line
- Enable sellers to:
- advertise products
- receive orders
- collect payments
- deliver goods electronically
- provide ongoing customer support
- Enable financial organizations:
- to server as intermediates that accept payment
authorization
- make
- Enable sellers to notify logistics organization
13
CHAPTER-2
METHODOLOGY
14
RESEARCH PROBLEM:
The prime purpose of the research is to identify and analyze the factors influencing
the consumers to shop online. To know how the attitude towards shopping has
changed from traditional shopping to online shopping. To know the factors
influencing towards online shopping and to know why people prefer online
shopping rather than traditional shopping and also to know the success features of
online shopping. To know which age group prefers online shopping among public
and also to know the amount spent by users every year for online shopping.
OBJECTIVES:
15
RESEARCH DESIGN:-
SAMPLE AREA:- GITAM UNIVERSITY
The increasing reach of the Internet and internet savvies among customers has
resulted in more and more retailers providing online avenues for customers to
make purchases at the click of the mouse. Customers not only use the internet to
make purchases but also to search for information about the product or service
being purchased. Internet has changed the way of conducting business. Many
businesses have started building up their strategies around the internet. If E-
Marketers analyze and understand the factors influencing Indian customers’ online
16
behavior, they can further fine-tune their business strategies towards customer
preferences. This study deals with the customers’ perceptions towards the
following aspects of online shopping and how the presence or lack of these aspects
in an online shopping environment affects customer satisfaction.
●Product categories that customers purchase online
●Quality & availability of the product
●Mode and Speed of delivery of the product
●Product price / Offers provided for online shoppers
●Payment options available for the customers
●Shipping, Return and Exchange policies
●Features of the shopping website such as
Design
Information provided
Accessibility
Ease of use
1. The biasness of the respondents may affect the result of the study so for as
primary data is concerned. Because of the biases of the respondents the
result of the study may not be the same for all places.
2. The survey has conducted in Gitam university only it may not reflect public
opinion at large
3. The sample size has been small (150) which may not reflect broader
pictures.
17
CHAPTER-3
ANALYSIS OF THE DATA
18
Demographic Profile Of Respondents
90 85
80
70 65
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1 2
19
Graph no 2:- Respondents age
120
100
100
80
60
50
40
20
0
1 2
20
Graph No 3: - Respondents Occupation
80 75
70
60
50
50
40
30 25
20
10
0
1 2 3
21
Graph No 4: - Monthly Income
35
30
30
25
20
20
15
10
0
4 5
22
Table No 1:- GENDER * SELECT YOUR FAVOURITE WEBSITE Cross tabulation
Count
SELECT YOUR FAVOURITE WEBSITE Total
FLIPKART AMAZON SNAP DEAL MYNTRA
GENDER MALE 25(29.4) 41(48.2) 12(14.1) 7(8.2) 85
FEMALE 28(43) 21(32.3) 9(13.8) 7(10.7) 65
Total 53 62 21 14 150
INTERPRETATION:
➢ The above table represents the perceptions of respondents on
“favourite website”
➢ From the sample size taken,85 are men and the remaining 65 are
female
➢ Among men, 25 prefer flipkart( 29.4%), 41 prefer amazon (48.2%), 12
23
Table No 2:-OCCUPATION * WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING PURCHASES WOULD YOU
MAKE MOST ONLINE? Cross tabulation
Count
Tota
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING PURCHASES WOULD YOU MAKE MOST ONLINE? l
HOTE
L
FUR RESE
COSMETICS/ CDS/B CLOTHES/ NIT MOVI ELECTR RVATI COMP
JEWELRY OOKS SHOES URE TOYS ES ONICS ON UTERS
INTERPRETATION:
➢ The above table represents the perceptions of respondents on “purchases
faculty .
➢ In those 75, 3(4%) purchase cosmetics/jewelry,7 (9.3%) purchase
cds/books,30(40%) purchase clothes/shoes,15 (20%) purchase movies,
11(14.6%) purchase electronics,2(2.6%) purchase hotel reservation, 5
(6.6%)purchase computers.
➢ In those 25, 6(24%) purchase cosmetics/jewelry,3(12%) purchase
cds/books,4(16%) purchase clothes/shoes,7(28%) purchase movies, 5
(20%) purchase electronics.
➢ In those 50, 5(10) purchase cosmetics/jewelry,4 (8%) purchase
cds/books,20( 40%) purchase clothes/shoes,2(4%) purchase toys,9(18%)
purchase movies, 9 (18%) purchase electronics, 3(6%) purchase computers
24
Table No 3:-GENDER * HAVE YOU FELT A PROBLEM
PURCHASING ONLINE? Cross tabulation
Count
HAVE YOU FELT A PROBLEM
PURCHASING ONLINE?
YES NO Total
INTERPRETATION:
➢ The above table represents the perceptions of respondents on “problems
25
damage ,3(12.5%) have problem on non-delivery, 1 (4.1%) have problem on
others .
INTERPRETATION:
➢ The above table represents the perceptions of respondents on “mode of
payment”.
➢ From the sample size taken , 20 belongs to 10000-40000 monthly
income
and 30 belongs to more than 40000.
➢ In those 20, 15 (75%) prefer cash on delivery and 5 (25%) prefer credit
card.
➢ In those 30 ,14(46.6%) prefer cash on delivery and 16(53.3%) prefer
credit
card.
26
Table No 5:-GENDER * MAX AMOUNT SPENT IN YEAR Cross tabulation
Count
MAX AMOUNT SPENT IN YEAR
LESS THAN
2000 2000-4000 4000-7000 7000-10000 Total
27
Table No 6:-GENDER * RATE FOR FLIPKART
Cross tabulation
Count
RATE FOR FLIPKART
AVERAGE GOOD Total
GENDER MALE 20(23.5) 65(76.4) 85
FEMALE 22(33.8) 43(61.5) 65
Total 42 108 150
INTERPRETATION:
➢ The above table represents the perceptions of respondents on” rating of
flipkart “.
➢ From the sample size taken, 85 are men and the remaining 65 are female.
➢ In those 85,20 (23.5%) rated average and 65 (76.4%) rated good.
➢ In those 65, 22(33.8%) rated average and 43(61.5%) rated good.
INTERPRETATION:
➢ The above table represents the perceptions of respondents on “rating of
amazon”
➢ From the sample size taken, 85 are men and the remaining 65 are female.
➢ In those 85, 11 (12.9%) rated average and 74 (87%) rated good.
➢ In those 65, 16(24.6%) rated average and 49(75.3%) rated good.
28
Table No 8:-GENDER * RATE FOR SNAP DEAL
Cross tabulation
Count
RATE FOR SNAP DEAL Total
POOR AVEARGE GOOD
GENDER MALE 4(4.7) 30(35.2) 51(60) 85
FEMALE 3(4.6) 24(36.9) 38(58.4) 65
Total 7 54 89 150
INTERPRETATION:
➢ The above table represents the perceptions of respondents on “rating of snap
deal”
➢ From the sample size taken, 85 are men and the remaining 65 are female.
➢ In those 85, 4(4.7%) rated poor , 30(35.2%) rated average and
51(60%)
rated good.
➢ In those 65, 3(4.6%) rated poor, 24 (36.9%) rated average and
38(58.4%)
rated good.
29
Table No 9:-GENDER * RATE FOR MYNTRA Cross tabulation
Count
RATE FOR MYNTRA Total
POOR AVEARGE GOOD
GENDER MALE 10(11.7) 32(37.6) 43(50.5) 85
FEMALE 5(7.6) 24(36.9) 36(55.3) 65
Total 15 56 79 150
INTERPRETATION:
➢ The above table represents the perceptions of respondents on “rating of
myntra”
➢ From the sample size taken, 85 are men and the remaining 65 are female.
➢ In those 85, 10(11.7%) rated poor , 32(37.6%) rated average and 43(50.5%)
rated good.
➢ In those 65, 5(7.6%) rated poor, 24 (36.9%) rated average and
36(55.3%)
rated good.
30
CHAPTER-4
31
OBSERVATIONS:-
➢ From this research I came to know about the important conclusion regarding
the customer attitude towards online shopping.
➢ Many students have positive attitude towards online shopping as they feel
that it saves their time and they can also shop at any point of the day but
sometimes they also feel that it is risky.
➢ Employees also feel that they can save their time by online shopping as they
can drop at any hour of the day.
➢ Most of the male and female respondents prefer to buy clothes online and
the next preferred category is gadgets.
➢ Most of the respondents prefer cash on delivery than payment via
credit/debit card.
➢ More than 50% of the people prefer sites like Flipkart and Amazon.
➢ Online shopping is mostly popular among youth & working professionals.
Word of mouth is major source of spreading of online shopping
popularity.
➢ It has been concluded that most of the users found Amazon as the
favourite
website followed by Flipkart and Snapdeal.
SUGGESTIONS:
32
➢ They should make their site attractive.
➢ They should offer free shipping.
➢ They should ensure that the delivery of the goods should be faster.
➢ Include customer reviews.
➢ There main motive should be service oriented not profit motive in order
to improve the brand image
➢ The company should provide offers and discounts to attract
the customers
➢ the return policy of the company should be flexible in order to motivate
the customers to try the product
33
CONCLUSION:-
This research shows that online shopping is having a very bright future
in India. Perception towards online shopping is getting better. With the use of
internet, consumers can shop anywhere, anytime and anything with easy and
safe payment options. Consumers can compare the products on different sites.
This study mainly focuses on the consumer attitudes towards online
shopping.
The information search is the most important aspects that helps the
customer to find suitable products for their needs. The online retailers have to
enhance and improve the information supporting system by providing
detailed information about the products.
For the evaluation stage, customers more think a lot of reputation from
the e-commerce website and the payment security for the purchase stage. At the
post purchase stage, the factor of after services is the most concerned matter.
Therefore all the factors that are influence or prevent the people from using online
shopping need to be carefully taken and care and all the online
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Books:-
34
➢ J.K. Sachdeva , Business Research Methodology, NEW DELHI
ANNEXURE:
1. Name: ………….
2. Gender
A. Male B. Female
3. Age
A. Less than 24 B. More than 24
4. Occupation
A. Under graduate B.Post graduate C.Faculty
5. Monthly Income
A. Less than 2000 B.2000-5000 C.5000-10000
D. 10000-40000 E. More than 40000
6. Have you ever done Online shopping?
A. Yes B.No
7. How many times did you shop in a year?
A. Less than 10 B. 10-20 C. 20-30
D.30-40 E.40-50 F. More than 50
8. Have you felt problem while purchasing
online?
A. Yes
B.No
9. If Yes, what kind of problem.
B. cheap quality of product
A. Delay in product
D. Non-delivery E.
C. product damage Others
35
10. Which of the following purchases would you make most
online ?
A. Cosmetics/Jewelry B. Cds/Books C. Clothes/Shoes
D. Furniture E. Toys F. Movies
G. Electronics H. Hotel reservations I. Computers
11. How often do you use internet everyday?
A. less than 1 hour B.1-2 hours
C. 2-3 hours
D. 3-4 hours E. more than 4
hours
12. How would you describe your proficiency on the internet?
A. Novice B. Intermediate C. Advanced
A. very often B. Often C.
13. How often do you use online shopping?
Sometimes
D. rarely
E. never
14. Do you use internet prior to a purchase for collecting
information?
A. Yes B. No
15. If yes, How often
A. very often B. Often C. Sometimes
D. rarely E. never
16. Is Online shopping risky
A. Yes B. No
17. Is Online shopping saves times
A. Yes B. No
18. Mode of payment
A. Cash on delivery B. debit
card/credit card
19. Is credit card or debit card transaction risky.
A. Yes B. No
36
20. In general, you prefer to do your shopping of following
commodities.
Items over the internet retail store
A. Groceries
B. Cosmetics
C. Books/cds
D. Clothes
E. Furniture
F. Electronic gadgets
G. Computer products
H. Toys
I. Cinema ticket
J. Airline/railway ticket
21. Select an appropriate amount you would spend on single purchase
A. Less than 1000 B.2000-5000 C. 5000-10000 D. More than
10000
22. Max amount spent in a year
A. less B.2000-4000 C.4000-7000
than 2000
23. SelectD.7000-10000
your favourite Website
A. Flipkart B. Amazon C. Snapdeal D.
Myntra
24. Rate for Flipkart
A. poor B. average C. good
25. Rate for Amazon
A. poor B. average C. good
26. Rate for Snapdeal
A. poor B. average C. good
27. Rate for Myntra
37
A. poor B. average C. good
38