GENERAL BIOLOGY 1

MS. ANTHONETH MANDAWE

CELL THEORY
DISCOVERY OF CELLS
 Cells are the basic building
blocks of all living things.
 Robert Hooke
 In 1665, he observed a very thin
slices of bottle cork.
 Cella – “a small room”
 Cellulae which means the six
cell of honey comb.
 Cell or cellulae in a thin cork
 Anton van Leeuwenhoek
 Was first to view organism(living
things)-1676.
 He handled view pond water and
scrapings from his teeth.
 He called the organism
“animalcules”.
 Matthias Schleiden
 In 1838, a German botanist
named Matthias Schleiden
concluded that all plants are
made up of cells.
 Theodore Schwann
 In 1839, a German zoologist
named Theodore Schwann
concluded that all animals are
made up of cells.
 Rudolph Virchow
 In 1855, he observed , under the
microscope, cells dividing.
 He reasoned that all cells come
from the other pre-existing cells
by cell division.
 CELL THEORY
LIVING
ALL LIVING
OF CELLS
THINGS
OR ARE
ONE
COMPOSED
ALL MOREOFTHINGS
ONE OR
COMPOSED
MORE CELLS
ARE
IS UNIT
CELL IS THE BASIC CELL
UNIT
LIFE
OFOF
LIFE
THE
FROM ARISEARISE
ALL CELLS CELLS PRE-
FROM
EXISTING CELLS ARE
PRE-EXISTING ALL
CELLS
 CELL THEORY
 All living things are composed of one
or more cells.
 Cell is the basic unit of life.
 All cells arise from pre-existing cells.
CELL ORGANELLES AND
ITS FUNCTION
Three common parts of the cell
 CELL MEMBRANE
 CYTOPLASM
 NUCLEUS
CELL WALL
support and protects the cell
thick outer layer made of cellulose
that gives its shape
CELL MEMBRANE
Permeable Membrane
 allow certain materials
 remove toxic materials
CYTOPLASM
Thick jelly-like structure
cellular/biochemical reactions
take place
NUCLEUS
Control center, stores DNA

NUCLEOLUS
Centerof the nucleus, produces
ribosome
Chromosome
Made up of DNA

Chloroplasts
Found only in plants
Responsible for photosynthesis
Ribosomes
Floating in cytoplasm
 make proteins needed for the cell
Endoplasmic Reticulum

Rough Endoplasmic
Reticulum

Smooth Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
No ribosomes
No proteins
Detoxification – breaking down toxic
substances
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Ribosomes
Pack proteins and vesicles
Vesicles
Transport substances within the cell
Golgi Body
 Port of the cell
 things are packed and exported

MODIFY LIPIDS
PROTEIN CARBS
S CHANGE SHAPES
Vesicles
Mitochondria
Power house of the cell
Provide energy to every part of the cell
 Cellular reproduction takes place
Glucose Oxygen

Energy CO2
Lysosome
Digestive part of the cell
Digestive Enzymes
Carbohydrates Proteins

Glucose Amino Acid

Vacuoles
Store house of the cell
Water Nutrients
Food Waste Products
Minerals