BRANCHES OF

FLUID MECHANICS
LESSON 2
OBJECTIVES
• Understand the branches of Fluid
Mechanics
• Use these terms to communicate
to other engineering professionals
 WHAT ARE THE
BRANCHES OF
FLUID MECHANICS?
Branches of Fluid Mechanics
1. FLUID STATICS
2. FLUID KINEMATICS
3. HYDRODYNAMICS
FLUID STATICS

- STUDY OF THE
MECHANICS OF FLUIDS AT
REST
1. FLUID PRESSURE

- THE AVERAGE PRESSURE

INTENSIFY IS DEFINED AS
THE FORCE EXERTED ON
A UNIT AREA.
1. FLUID PRESSURE

P=
Where: P = Pressure
F = Force
A = Area
2. PASCAL’S LAW

- AT ANY POINT IN A FLUID

AT REST THE PRESSURE IS
THE SAME IN ALL
DIRECTIONS.
2. PASCAL’S LAW

Px = Py = Pz
3. VARIATION IN PRESSURE

THE PRESSURE AT ANY POINT

BELOW THE FREE SURFACE OF A
LIQUID IS EQUAL THE PRODUCT
OF THE UNIT WEIGHT OF THE
LIQUID AND THE DEPTH OF THE
POINT IN QUESTION.
3. VARIATION IN PRESSURE

dP = γdh
Where: dP = differential Pressure
γ = specific weight
dh = differential elevation
4. BASIC EQUATION OF FLUID
STATICS APPLIED TO
LIQUIDS.

P2 = P1 + γh
Where: P1 = γh1
P2 = γh2
5. BASIC EQUATION OF FLUID
STATICS APPLIED TO GASES.

P2 = P1 + γh
Where: P1 = γh1
P2 = γh2
6. ATMOSPHERIC OR
BAROMETRIC EQUATION

THE ATMOSPHERIC OR
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE IS THE
PRESSURE EXERTED BY THE
ATMOSPHERE ON EVERY SURFACE
WITH WHICH IT COMES IN CONTACT
AND IS MEASURED BY BAROMETER.
6. ATMOSPHERIC OR
BAROMETRIC EQUATION

P = 101.325 kPa= 1.013 bar

= 14.7 psi = 760 mmHg
= 1.032 kg/cm2
= 1 atm
7. ABSOLUTE PRESSURE

PRESSURE MEASURED
ABOVE ABSOLUTE ZERO
Pabs = Pgage +Patm
8. GAGE PRESSURE

PRESSURE MEASURED BY
MEANS OF GAGES ABOVE OR
BELOW THE ATMOSPHERIC
LEVEL
Pgage = Pabs - Patm
Thank you