NORMAL

PROBABILITY
DISTRIBUTION
OBJECTIVES

• Describe a normal random variable

De
scri and its characteristics
be

Dra
• Draw a normal curve; and
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Sta
• State the empirical rule
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 NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

Normal Probability Distribution is a probability distribution of

continuous random variables.
• Many random variables are either normally distributed or, at
least approximately normally distributed.
Examples: Height, Weights, and examination scores.
• It is easy for mathematical statisticians to work with the
normal curve. A number of hypothesis test and the regression
model are based on the assumption that the underlying data
have normal distributions.
 PROPERTIES OF A NORMAL CURVE

• The normal distribution curve is bell- indefinitely along the horizontal axis
shaped but evet touch it
• The curve is symmetrical about its • The area under the curve is I. thus, it
center represents the probability or proportion
• The mean, median, and mode coincide or percentage associated with specific
at the center sets of measurement values.
• The tails of this curve flatten out
• The Change of value of the mean shifts the graph of the normal

curve to the right or to the left.

• The standard deviation determines the shape of the graphs

( particularly the height and width of the curve). When the standard

deviation is large, the normal curve is short and wide, while a small

value for the standard deviation yields skinnier and taller graph.
The Standard normal curve is a normal probability distribution that
has a and standard deviation
( )
2
1 𝑋 −𝜇
−
2 𝜎
𝑒
𝑌=
𝜎 √2 𝜋
Where:
Y = Height of the curve particular value of X.
X = any score in the distribution
= standard deviation of the population
= mean of the population
= 3.1416
e = 2.7183
 EMPIRICAL RULE
• The Empirical Rule is also referred to
as the 68-95-99.7% rule. What it tells is
that for a normally distributed variable
the following rule are true:
• Approximately 68% of the data lie
within 1 standard deviation of the mean.

• Approximately 95% of the data lie

within 2 standard deviation of the mean.

• Approximately 99.7% of the data lie

within 3 standard deviations of the
mean.
 VALIDATING THE EMPIRICAL RULE

• Example 1: What is the frequency and relative frequency of babies weights

that are within:

a) One standard b) Two standard Three standard

deviation from the deviations from the mean deviations from the mean
mean c)
• Example 1: What is the frequency and relative frequency of babies weights
that are within:

a) One standard b) Two standard Three standard

deviation from the deviations from the mean deviations from the mean
mean c)