BASIC

ELECTRICITY
 INTRODUCTION:

Eectricity is a form of energy involving the flow of electrons.

All matter is made up of atoms, which has a center which
called a nucleus. The nucleus contains positively charged
particles called protons and uncharged particles called
neutrons.
 OBJECTIVES:
1 .General safety practices in Electricity

2. Nature and importance of Electricity

3. Series and Parallel Connections

 LEARNING ACTIVITIES:
Electricity is a secondary energy source, derived from primary sources like coal, natural
gas, oil, and nuclear power. It involves the flow of electrons and is a crucial part of
modern life, used for lighting, heating, cooling, refrigeration, appliances, computers,
electronics, machinery, and public transportation. The father of electricity, Michael
Faraday, was born in 1791. Without electricity, hospitals and medicine would struggle to
advance and cure illnesses, resulting in more casualties.
Safety Precautions When Working With Electricity

• Avoid water at all times when working with electricity. Never touch or try
repairing any electrical equipment or circuits with wet hands.

• Never use equipment with frayed cords, damaged insulation or broken

cords.
• If you are working in a receptacle at your home, then always turn off
the main. It is also a good idea to put up a sign on the service panel so
that nobody turns on the main switch ON by accident.

• Always used insulated tools while working.

Safety Precautions When
Working With Electricity
• Electrical hazards include exposed energized parts and
unguarded electrical equipment which may become
energized unexpectedly.
• Always used appropriate insulated rubber gloves and
goggles while working on any branch circuit or any other
electrical circuit.
• Never try repairing energized equipment. Always check
that it is de-energized first by using a tester. When an
electric tester touches a live wire, the bulb inside the tester
lights up showing that an electrical current is flowing
through the respective wire.
• Never use an aluminum or steel ladder if you are working
on any receptacle at height in your home.
Safety Precautions
When Working With
• Know the wire code of your country.
Electricity • Always check all your GFCI
(Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter)
once a month.
• Always use a circuit breaker or fuse
with the appropriate current rating.
Circuit breakers and fuses are
protection devices that automatically
disconnect the live wire when a
condition of short circuit or over
current occurs.
• Working outside with underground
cabling can be dangerous
Safety Precautions When Working With
Electricity

• Always put a cap on the hot/live wire while working

on an electric board or service panel as you could
end up with short circuiting the bare ends of the live
wire with the neutral.
• Take care while removing a capacitor from a circuit.
A capacitor stores energy and if its not properly
discharged when removed, it can easily cause an
electrical shock.
• Always take care while soldering your circuit boards.
Wear googles and keep yourself away from the
fumes.
Parallel Connections
is a closed circuit divided into two or more
paths before recombining to complete a circuit.
Each load connected in a separate path receives
the full circuit voltage and the total circuit is
equal to the sum of the individual branch
current.
 Series Connections

in these connection, all components are

connected end to end, forming a single
path for current flow.
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LISTENING!