Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Leenjii Yakkoota Diinagdee
Leenjii Yakkoota Diinagdee
IRRATTI QOPHAA’E
Wandiyyee Birhaanuu
(LL.B,LL.M in Tax Law)
Yakkoota Diinagdee/Economic crime
Yakkoonni dinagdee maqaalee kaneen
akka white collar crime, corporate
crime, occupational crime,
Financial crime jedhuun yogguu
waamaman argina.
Yakka dinagdeef hiikkoo waltawaa
tahe kennuun hin danda’amu.
Yakkoota Diinagdee
Yakkoonni dinagdee yakkoota/gochoota
seeraan alaa kanneen namootni
dhuunfaa/dhaabileewwan ykn gareewwan
gara garaa bu’aa ykn fayidaa dinagdee
argachuuf rawwatanidha.
Sababni guddaan(motive) yakkoonni
dinagdee itti rawwatamuuf bu’aa ykn
fayidaa dinagdeeti/economic gain/ dha.
Yakkoota Diinagdee
Yakkoonni dinagdee bay’eetu jiru:-
Yakkoota sirna galii biyyaa irratti
rawwataman/tax crime/
Yakkoota bulchiinsa gumurukii biyyatti
irratti raawwataman/customs crime/
Yakkoota malamaltummaa/corruption
crime/
Yakkoota Diinagdee
Yakkoota sirna bankii biyyattii irratti
raawataman/bank fraud/
Qabeenya yakkaan argame seera qabeessa
fakkessanii dhiheessu
(money Laundering)
Intellectual property crime/yakkoota
qabeenya kalaqa sammuutin walqabatan/
Yakkoota malaqa biyyatti irratti rawataman
Yakkoota Diinagdee
Yakkoota qabeenya umaamaa/albuuda biyyatti
irratti raawataman
Yakkoota sirna daldala biyyatti irratti raawataman
Yakka malattoo daldalaatin walqabatu/Trade
mark related crime/
Trade competition and Consumer protection
crimes
Yakkoota Daldala jimaa ,bunaa fi omishaalee
qonnaatin walqabatan.
Yakkoota Diinagdee
Heyyama baankii biyyoolessa malee Malaqa
biyya alaa qabatanii argamuu/foreign currency
holding/
Daba diinagdee/economic sabotages/
Crime against currencies, government bond or
security documents(355-374)
Misooma bosanaa fi eegumsa
naannoo/environmental crime fi yakkoota biroo
kanneen sirna daldala,dinaagdee fi qabeenya
biyyatti irratti rawwatan
(TRADE-ECONOMY-RESOURCE-PUBLIC FINANCE)
Yakkoota dinagdee
Sadarkaa federalaatti yakkoota dinagdeetin wal
qabatee sadarkaa ministeera haqaatti dayrektoreetii
waligalaa ykn directorate general tokkoo qabna.
Innis economic crime directortate General
jedhama.
Garee /devision sadi of jalaa qaba.
Tax department
Customs department
Consumer protections and other
economic crimes division.
Yakkoota dinagdee
Garee yakkoota taksii yakoota bulchiinsa
taksii federalaa kan labsii 983/2008
kewwata 116-132 jiraniin walqabatan irratti
hojeta.
Garee falmii
Akka fakkenyaatti:-
• Price fixing,
• Market boycott,
• Hindering others from entering the market,
dividing market by allocating customers,
suppliers, territories or lines of commerce,
• bid riggings.
Trade competition & Consumer protection laws
• Waliigaltewwan sababa isaanii fi midhaa
gabaa/dorgommi bilisaa irratti qaqqabsiisan
irratti hundoofnee seera qabeessa ykn miti
jechuun murteessinu bay’etu jira.
• Akkataa labsii dorgommii daldalaa fi mirga
fayyadamtoota 813/2006 kewwata 7 irratti
caqafameera.
Trade competition & Consumer protection laws
• Kewwata 7/1/b….
• illegal per se/inherently illegal activities
such as:
• Fixing purchase or sales price
• Collusive tendering/bid rigging
• Dividing markets by allocating
customers, supplies, territories or
specific types of goods and services.
Trade competition & Consumer protection laws
Keewwata 7/1/a:-
o An agreement is vertical or horizontal which
lessen competition or set minimum resale
price is prohibited however, & can be
disproved by the traders in agreement
proving that any technological efficiency
and competitive gains resulting from the
agreement outweighs that effect/intent/
Trade competition & Consumer protection laws
Waligaltee fi murtoo marii/agreement and
concerted practice/
Labsii 813/2013 kewwata 7/3 a fi b irratti
hiikkoon itti kennameera.
Waliigaltee:-
seera duratti fudhatama qabaatus dhabus
waligaltee barreefama, wal hubannaa ykn
waltahiinsa afaanin godhame tahuu
danda’a./hojmaatas ni dabalata/
Trade competition & Consumer protection laws
Murtoo marii/concerted practice:-
• A unified or cooperative conduct of business
persons depicted in a way that doesn’t look like an
agreement and done to substitute individual
activities.
•
Trade competition & Consumer protection laws
2. Monopolizations/abuse of dominance
• Daldalaan ykn dhaabbanni daldalaa tokko gabaa
kessatti qooda olaanaa qabaachuu danda’a.
• Daldalaan tokko naannoo gabaa tokkootti
dorgomtoota isaa dorghomii gabaa keessaa
baasufis tahee dorgommii hirdhisuuf humna
qaba taanan akka daldalaa gabaa
olaantummaadhan tohachuu danda’uutti ilaalu
dandeenya.
Trade competition & Consumer protection laws
• Gabaa kessa qooda olaanaa qabaachun
mataa isaatin balleessa ykn gocha seeraan
alaa miti.
• Abuse of dominance is wrong if and only
if it reduces competition.
Daldaalan tokko gabaa oolantummaadhaan
to’ateera jechuuf qabxiilee armaan gadii
yaada keessa galchuu feesisa:-
Trade competition & Consumer protection laws
Gahee gabaa/business persons share in the
market
Gahumsa daldalaan sun daldaltootni biroo
gara gabaa akka hin seene dhorkuuf
qabu/capacity to set barriers against entry of
others/
Haala tessuma gabaa fi meshaalee
geographic area of such market and nature of goods and
services
Trade competition & Consumer protection laws
Fakeenyaaf:-
gabaan meeshaa wal fakkaatu fi bakka wal
bu’uu danda’an bay’inaan itti daldalamuu fi
eddoo ykn bakki itti argama gabaas eddo
akkasii tahuu qaba.
Trade competition & Consumer protection laws
Those anti-competitive activities
might be result from abuse of
dominance:-
• Kassaruudhan dorgomaa gabaa keessaa
baasuu(Predatory):-
• Waligalteedhan dorgomtoota biroo gabaa
keessaa baasuu(Exclusionary), and
• Meeshaalee gurgurtaa baasii ittiin
omishamanii gadiin gurguruu(disciplinary)
Trade competition & Consumer protection laws
Akka walii galaatti gochoonni akka:-
Fayyadatoota waliin waliigaltee yeroo
dheera kan nama dhiheessu/suppliers akka
hin jijjiirre taasisu raawwachuu/Exclusive
dealing/
Dorgomtootarra dhiheessi kutuu
Gatii omishaaf bahee gaditti gurguruu
Trade competition & Consumer protection laws
Market restriction
Product restriction
Refusal to deal
Price maintenance
Tied selling/waa lama ebba/
Trade competition & Consumer protection laws
Akkaataa labsii 813/2013 keewwata 5 irratti
caqafametti
Gochoonni oolaantummaa gabaa seeran ala
fayyadamuu tahan:-
Oomisha ittisuu/limiting production
Anti-competitive
agreements/concerted practices
merger
Unfair competition
Trade competition & Consumer protection laws
Consumer protections
• Mirga fayyadamtoota/protection of
consumers
Mirga waa’ee meeshaa bituu
baruu/Right to be informed
Mirga meeshaa fayyaa namaa hin
miine bitachuu/Right to safety:
goods hazardous to life
Trade competition & Consumer protection laws
Mirga meeshaa ykn tajaajila
barbaade filachuu/Right to
choose/
Mirga dhagahamuu/Right to be
heard
Mirga beenya gaafachuu/Right to
be redressed
Trade competition & Consumer protection laws
Kana malees:-
Daldalaan kamuu gatii meeshaa fi tajajila
gabaaf dhiheessu ifatti
ibsuu/maxansuu/beeksisuu qaba(display
price?
Daldalaan kamuu ibsa meeshaa/labels of
goods waraqaa addaratti ibsuu qaba.
Daldalaan kamuu:-
Enyummaa ofii ibsuu,nagahee kennuu qaba.
Trade competition & Consumer protection laws
Ibsi meeshaa kunis maqaa meeshaa,hanga fi
bayyina,biyya oomishaa, qulqullina meeshaa,
meeshichi maalirra akka oomishame, akkaata
fayyadama meeshichaa, eddoo warshaan
oomishaa itti argamu, ibsa gahaa meeshichi
haal duree waajira sadarkaa etoophiyatin
kenname guutu isaa ibsu, wastinaa/waranty
meeshichaaf kennamu akkasumas bara
oomishaa fi bara tajaajilli isaa rawwatu.
Trade competition & Consumer protection laws
Beeksisa meeshaa(art-19)
(commercial advertisement)
Mustn't be false and misleading with regard to
Component of goods
Source,weight,quality,manufacturer,date of
mark/emblem etc
Trade competition & Consumer protection laws
Defects in goods and sevices
Namni kamuu meeshaan inni bite
mudaa qabaanan qama dhimmi
ilaalatu/wajjira daldalaa ykn
fayyadamtootatti beeksisu qaba./
Trade competition & Consumer protection laws
Akkaata labsi eegumsa mirga daldaltoota fi
fayyadamtoota 813/2013 tti labsicharra
darbuun akkaata kewwata 43/6 tin kan nama
gaafachisu tahus gochawwan kewwata 22,23,
fi 24 irratti caqafaman irra darbuudhaan
gochawwan kewwatoota kana jalatti
caqafaman namni rawwate hidha
cimaadhan/regarious impresonment/dhan
adabama.
Trade competition & Consumer protection laws
Dorkiwwan yakkan nama gaafachiisan
1. bu’uura kewwata 22 tin:
Waa’ee meeshaalee daldalaa ibsa/beeksisa
sobaa ykn dogongoraa kennuu fknf:- waa’ee
qulqulina, hangaa/ulfaatinaa,bay’inaa….etc
Meeshan daladalaa haaraa,moofaa,kan irra
gurguruu dhiisuu
Waa’ee gatii meeshaa beeksisa sobaa
kennuu
Daldala prymid hojiirra oolchuun
dhorkaadha/22/6
Trade competition & Consumer protection laws
Malattoo sadarkaa ethiophiyaa
maxxansuu
Gurguruu diduu
Trade competition & Consumer protection laws
Warranty kennan kabajuu dhiisuu
Meeshaa wantoota alagaa/udultered
Al-ergitoota
Yuniyeenii fi federeeshinii
Qindeesitoota gidduutti
hojechuu
Dhiheesitonni warqii Bakii biyyoolessatin alatti qaama biratti
gurguruu
Ogessota faaya walrqee heyama qabaniin ala omishaaniin ala