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HPE06 ch17 s1
HPE06 ch17 s1
HPE06 ch17 s1
Objectives
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Section 17.1 Legal and Illegal Drugs
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Section 17.1 Legal and Illegal Drugs
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Section 17.1 Legal and Illegal Drugs
Over-the-Counter Drugs
• A medicine that is sold legally in pharmacies and
other stores without a doctor’s prescription is called
an over-the-counter drug.
• Any over-the-counter drug can cause harm if the
instructions on the label are not followed.
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Section 17.1 Legal and Illegal Drugs
Prescription Drugs
• A drug that can be obtained only with a written order
from a doctor and can be purchased only at a
pharmacy is known as a prescription drug.
• Prescription drugs require more government control
than over-the-counter drugs because of their
potential for harm.
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Section 17.1 Legal and Illegal Drugs
Illegal Drugs
• An illegal drug is a chemical substance that people
of any age may not lawfully manufacture, possess,
buy, or sell.
• Illegal drugs are also called street drugs.
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Section 17.1 Legal and Illegal Drugs
Drug Misuse
• The improper use of medicines—either prescription
or over-the-counter drugs—is called drug misuse.
• Examples of drug misuse include
• taking more than the prescribed amount of a drug
• taking drugs with the wrong foods or at the wrong
time of day
• not taking a drug for the correct period of time
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Section 17.1 Legal and Illegal Drugs
Drug Abuse
• When a drug is intentionally used improperly or
unsafely, it is known as drug abuse.
• Drug abuse occurs when people intentionally use
any kind of drugs for nonmedical purposes.
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Section 17.1 Legal and Illegal Drugs
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Section 17.1 Legal and Illegal Drugs
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Section 17.1 Legal and Illegal Drugs
Addiction
• Abuse of psychoactive drugs may result in addiction.
• Addiction is the compulsive use of a drug, despite
any cost to health, family, or social standing.
• Addiction is a disease that changes the structure and
chemistry of the brain.
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Section 17.1 Legal and Illegal Drugs
Side Effects
• A side effect is an unwanted physical or mental
effect caused by a drug.
• Side effects can include
• nausea
• dizziness
• drowsiness
• Side effects of a particular drug vary from person
to person.
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Section 17.1 Legal and Illegal Drugs
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Section 17.1 Legal and Illegal Drugs
Withdrawal
• If a person who is dependent on a psychoactive drug
stops taking the drug, that person will experience
withdrawal symptoms.
• Withdrawal symptoms include
• nausea or vomiting
• headaches or dizziness
• fever
• digestion problems
• paranoia or panic
• tremors, seizures, or death
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Section 17.1 Legal and Illegal Drugs
Drug Interactions
• When a person takes more than one drug at a time,
the drugs may interact in different ways than when
taken alone.
• Antagonism A drug antagonism
(an TAG uh niz um) occurs when each drug’s effect is
canceled out or reduced by the other.
• Synergism A drug synergism (SIN ur jiz um)
occurs when drugs interact to produce effects
greater than those that each drug would produce
alone.
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Section 17.1 Legal and Illegal Drugs
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Section 17.1 Legal and Illegal Drugs
Impurities
• Many illegal drugs are contaminated with chemicals
that may themselves be harmful or cause dangerous
drug interactions.
• Illegal drugs may vary widely from batch to batch in
the concentration of psychoactive chemicals
they contain.
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Section 17.1 Legal and Illegal Drugs
Legal Risks
• Penalties for individuals who produce, possess,
transport, or sell illegal drugs include long prison
terms and heavy fines.
• A criminal record makes it difficult to get a job or to
be admitted into schools and the military.
• Many drug abusers commit other crimes to support
their drug addiction.
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Section 17.1 Legal and Illegal Drugs
Costs to Society
• The United States government has spent billions of
dollars in efforts to stop illegal drug manufacture and
sales.
• Significant financial resources go toward drug abuse
• prevention
• education
• treatment
• rehabilitation programs
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Section 17.1 Legal and Illegal Drugs
Costs to Society
• Consider a few of the other costs of drug abuse
• the cost of incarcerating thousands of people for
drug-related crimes
• medical costs for drug-related illnesses and
injuries, including many of the nation’s cases
of HIV/AIDS
• premature deaths from drug-related homicides
and motor vehicle crashes
• lost work productivity because of drug
dependency
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Section 17.1 Legal and Illegal Drugs
Vocabulary
medicine A legal drug that helps the body fight injury,
illness, or disease.
over-the-counter A medicine that is sold legally in pharmacies
drug and other stores without a doctor’s prescription.
prescription drug A drug that can be obtained only with a written
order from a doctor and can be purchased only
at a pharmacy.
illegal drug A chemical substance that people of any age
may not lawfully manufacture, possess, buy,
or sell.
drug misuse The improper use of medicines—either
prescription or over-the-counter drugs.
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Section 17.1 Legal and Illegal Drugs
Vocabulary
drug abuse The intentional improper or unsafe use of
a drug.
psychoactive A chemical that affects brain activity; also
drug known as a “mood-altering” drug.
side effect An unwanted physical or mental effect caused
by a drug.
drug antagonism A condition that occurs when one drug’s effect
is canceled out or reduced by another.
drug synergism A condition that occurs when drugs interact to
produce effects greater than those that each
drug would produce alone.
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QuickTake Quiz
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Section 17.1 Legal and Illegal Drugs
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