WATER PURIFICATION

SYSTEM
AND
FILTRATION OF SWIMMING POOL
• GROUP MEMBER- PRINSHA RANE
SIDDHI RAJKONDA
• G U I D E D B Y- A R . R A S A L S I R
WHAT IS WATER PURIIFICATION?
• Water purification is the transition of dirty harmful (contaminated) water in to
clean safe water.
• Or it simply means freeing water from any kind of impurity it contains, such as
contaminants or micro organisms.

WHY PURIFY WATER?

• Water is major importance to all living things
• We purify water to get rid of contaminants that can be detrimental to our health
• Up to 60% of the human body is water.
• Therefore the quality of water we drink is very important.
 MAN MADE DIRT & OTHER
CHEMICALS MIXED IN
POLLUTANTS CONTAMINANTS

WHAT IS REMOVED
DURING THE
PARASITES
PROCESS?
(GIARDIA&
CRYPTOSPORIDIUM
MINERALS
(INCLUDING
TOXIC MATALS)

BACTERIA,
ALGAE, VIRUSES,
FUNGI
WATER FILTRATION
PROCESS
LIST OF PROCESS

• COAGULATION
• FLOCCULATION
• SEDIMENTATION
• FILTRATION
• TREATED WATER STORAGE
• WATER DISTRIBUTION
1- COAGULATION IN WATER TREATMENT

In coagulation, we add a
chemicals such as alum which
produces positive charges on
the particles. Then this
particles can stick together
forming large particles which
are more easily removed
2-FLOCCULATION IN WATER TREATMENT

• Flocculation is a chemical water

treatment technique in which
fine particulates are caused to
clump together in to a floc.
• The floc may then float to the top
of the liquid(creaming), settle to
the bottom of the liquid or be
readily filtered from the liquid
3- SEDIMENTATION IN WATER TREATMENT
• Sedimentation is the process of allowing
particles in suspension in water to settle out
of the suspension under the effect of
gravity.
• The particles are settle out from the
suspension become sediment, and in water
treatment is known as sludge.

TYPES

FILL & DRAW CONTINUOUS

TYPES FLOW TYPE TANK
 FILL & DRAW TYPES
• The water is filled in the tank & it is
then allowed to rest for certain time
• During the period of rest, the particles
in suspension will settle down at
bottom tank.
• The clear water is then drawn off &
tank is cleaned of silt & filled again.
CONTINUOUS FLOW TYPE TANK
• Water enters the tank from one end &
as it travel towards the outlet at the
end its velocity is broken by means of
baffle wall.
• The slit is deposited at the bottom of
tank & when it is accumulated in
sufficient quantity, the flush valve is
opened & the tank is cleaned.
4-FILTRATION IN WATER FILLTRATE
FILTRATION

GRAVITY PRESSURE
FILTER FILTER

SLOW RAPID
SAND SAND
FILTER FILTER

The process of passing through the beds of

granular material is known as filtration
PRESSURE FILTERS

• These filters are more or less similar to

the rapid sand filters(gravity type).
• The term pressure filter are used for the
filtration from groundwater or high
quality surface water that does not
require clarification .
• In ground water systems they can be
used for the removal of iron and
manganese in addition to turbidity
 DISINFECTION OF WATER
TYPES OF
DISINFECTION
To make the drinking water free from any
disease, bacteria and microbes.

PHYSICAL
METHOD CHEMICAL
METHOD

HEATING TO
BOILING
INCINERATION OZONATION CHLORINATION

WITH UV
RAYS
TREATED WATER STORAGE TANK

• A water tank is a container for

storing water.
• Water tank are used to provide
storage of water for use in many
application, drinking water,
irrigation, fire suppression, chemical
manufacturing, food preparation as
well as many other uses.
 WATER
PURIFICATION OF
SWIMMING POOL
• Swimming pool water must
undergo treatment, in order to remain
clear and clean, free from harmful
substances, bacteria, viruses, algae
and other pathogens and suitable for
use by swimmers.
• The water that is retreated from
the pool is discharged into the sewer,
or it will be transported to a water
purification plant.
• There are various types of swimming pools. Swimming pools differ in function
(tropical swimming pool, sauna), size and conditions such as water temperature,
cleaning system and water disinfection mechanism.
• A division can be made in indoor and outdoor swimming pools.
There is a difference between swimming pools with a water recirculation system and
swimming pools that undergo constant water refreshment.
• In circulation pools, the water is recycled from a water purification system.
• The water that is retreated from the pool is discharged into the sewer, or it will be
transported to a water purification plant.
• Most public swimming pools apply water recirculation.
FILL AND DRAW TYPEOF CONTINUAL FLOW TYPE
SWIMMING POOL OF SWIMMING POOL

• Fill and draw pool means a • When a swimming pool has a

swimming pool in which the continual flow ,
principal means of cleaning is
complete draining of pool and • The water is continually
subsequent replacement of water refreshed.
from a fill source.
• . Part of the water is separated and
carried away after treatment.
PURIFICATION STEPS
• Swimming pool water is treated by
means of various purification steps.
The water is first transported from
swimming pools to a water
purification plant .
• In the water purification plant, it will
flow through a skimmer which
removes raw pollutants, such as
hairs, plasters and leaves, from
water.
• After that, a flocculent is added,
which causes smaller colloids to bind
together. Colloids are visible floating
particles of organic matter, such as
skin tissue and textile fibbers.
• This group of pollutants also
concerns colloidal pollutants,
such as saliva, soap remains,
cosmetic products and skin
fats. When these pollutants are
abundant, they cause turbidity.
• Parameters that indicate the
presence of undissolved
particles are water turbidity.
• Floating particles are removed
from water in a sand filter.
The sand filter is back flushed
periodically. Finally, pollutants
are discharged into the sewer.
TYPES OF FILTERS
• All filtration relies on removing solid matter from the water as it is pumped
through the filter. There are three types of filters currently in use, namely
1. Diatomaceous Earth (D.E),
2. Sand
3. Cartridge.
• All three types have high flow characteristics and are highly efficient.
However, they all require cleaning to remove the entrapped solids.
• Failure to clean filters as required will result in reduced filtration flow due to
debris blocking the filter. It will also cause an increase in pressure within the
filter tank which could eventually reduce the life of the unit.
• Regular cleaning, as indicated by pressure gauge is, therefore, essential.
Cleaning methods will depend upon filter type.
• Regular cleaning of a filter will provide benefits in terms of better water
flows and filtration and vacuuming, and better chlorination with automatic
chlorination systems. It will also mean a better circulation system within the
pool due to the increased flow rate.
 Diatomaceous Earth
• For Diatomaceous Earth Filter

and Sand Filters the

filter can be
‘backwashed’, which is to
reverse the flow of water
through the filter tank to
flush the rubbish to Sand Filter
waste. Cartridge Filters
will require hosing down
and soaking in a clean
fluid.

Cartridge Filter
THANK –YOU !!!