Marxist criticism

a presentation by the third group

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 Marxist
criticism
At the end of the discussion, you are expected to…

i know the proponent of Marxism;

understand the Marxist literary approach

ii
and some of its relying principles;
critique a literary text in the lens of
iii
Marxism.
 INTRODUCTION
Marxist criticism is an
approach to diagnosing
political and social problems
in terms of struggles between
members of different socio-
economic classes.

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WHO STARTED
MARXIST CRITICISM?
o It started with Karl Marx.
o He introduced his most fundamental
principle for criticism in the
Communist Manifesto, namely, his
principle that all history is the history
of class struggle.
Marxism Marxism is a belief that every ill of the
world (racism, consumerism, capitalism,
sexism, homophobia, feminism,
religion, patriotism, etc.) is due to class
barriers between the haves and the have
nots:
A. Bourgeoisie – those who control the
natural, economic, and human
resources
B. Proletariat – the majority of the
global population who live in sub-
standard conditions and perform the
manual labor

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Marxism
 The world is in a state of wealthy
vs. poverty, survival of the fittest
 Marxism is a political and
economic theory and philosophy
that analyzes the present and
predicts where society is headed.
 It calls for a revolution in order
create a new society.

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 “Why the poor stays
poor and the rich stay
rich?”
Leonard Cohen

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Marxist Criticism
 Marxist criticism has been
influential for critical theory,
which aims to uncover power
relationships and promote the
emancipation of dominated classes
 Marxist critical theory
emphasizes the role of class and
economic relationships for systems
of oppression

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In doing a Marxist literary
criticism

Social classes Characteristics Author’s idea Technique of the

that constitute the of such social classes about the author
setting of the story prevailing social in using the social
issue conflicts

Look for the details

above
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In doing a Marxist literary
criticism

Author’s message Author’s main purpose

Background of the author
on the issue or problem of writing the story far from
(directly or merely and his views on economy, entertaining the reader
implied) politics, and society

Look for the details

above
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In doing a Marxist literary
criticism

Resolving The place

The embedded issue or Where the literary piece was
problem written (also include time)

Look for the details

above
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 In writing a Marxist criticism

First  What social classes or hierarchies appear in the text?

 Which characters have privilege?

 What does privilege look like in the text?
second
 How does access to or distance from privilege affect a
character?
 Similarly, how does the text treat characters from various
social classes?
third  How does membership in a particular social class affect a
character’s actions and/or how they are treated by other
characters?
16 MARXIST CRITICISM 2023
 Marxist criticism in literature

George Orwell's "Animal Farm" is a classic example of a work

of literature that can be analyzed through Marxist criticism. The novel
is an allegory of the Russian Revolution and its aftermath, in which a
group of farm animals overthrow their human owner and establish a
socialist society in which all animals are equal. George Orwell's
"Animal Farm" is a classic example of a work of literature that can be
analyzed through Marxist criticism. The novel is an allegory of the
Russian Revolution and its aftermath, in which a group of farm
animals overthrow their human owner and establish a socialist society
in which all animals are equal.

17 presentation title 20XX

  Marxism posits that the STRUGGLE BETWEEN SOCIAL
CLASSES—specifically between the bourgeoisie and proletariat
defines economic relations in a capitalist economy and will lead
inevitably to a communist revolution.
 Marxist criticism is based on the idea that literary creations are
mere historical byproducts that may be understood by examining
the social and material contexts in which they were created.

SUMMAR
Y
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ACTIVITY
20 BLACK CLOVER EP 170
 activity

 In a one whole sheet of paper, write a short Marxist critique about

the video clip from Black Clover. The critique must be in a form of
essay which contains at least seven sentences. Describe the
characters and the classes present. Also, make use of the key points
and questions in writing/doing a Marxist criticism. (8 points)
 In a separate sentence, answer the question in a Marxist approach:
What will happen to Liebe? (2 points)

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 References
 Black Clover, Episode 170
 https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newframe.com%2Ffrom-the-archive-class-struggle-in-africa%2F&psig
=AOvVaw30VUN-D8HyFgC7NXTAriNW&ust=1684844378530000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CBEQjRxqFwoTCMDbpMf0iP8
CFQAAAAAdAAAAABAE
 https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBourgeoisie&psig=AOvVaw06lCo0CQow
wBmORdeiUEfE&ust=1684844432034000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CBEQjRxqFwoTCIizrOL0iP8CFQAAAAAdAAAAABA
E
 https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.shortform.com%2Fblog%2Fmarxism-bourgeoisie-and-proletariat%2F&
psig=AOvVaw1WLxdIYyqFpVlxuesNyB9E&ust=1684844479328000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CBEQjRxqFwoTCIiTyPj0iP8C
FQAAAAAdAAAAABAE
 https://sites.wp.odu.edu/tatum-fisherengl333/theory-3/?fbclid=IwAR2cqYVWOpNmE8C_7idTExilDeNJDx4tm-1pk5z1nu3DABrT-VIE
RLyhSPw
 https://study.com/learn/lesson/bourgeoisie-proletariat-karl-marx.html?fbclid=IwAR0njbTjdl-LZz3W3fylb0J8WkcB-U6xVi9OaMiVg0H
Aml12EOSM7rk0mOw
 https://study.com/academy/lesson/marxist-criticism-definition-examples.html#:~:text=The%20Marxist%20criticism%20definition%20is
,have%20attained%20positions%20of%20power
.

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 THANK YOU
presenters:

Angelo E. Gonzales Jon Renz F. Oaing

Francine T. Fulong John Paul C. Gonzales
Kim Ezra Nikolai E. Ganancial Sophia Ann Jane M. Gallano
Mary Rose D. Gamit