CHAPTER 1

WHAT IS PSYCHOLOGY?
 Introduction

Mind and Behavior

Evolution of Psychology
Contents Psychology in India

Branches of Psychology
Psychology and other
disciplines

Psychologists at work
 Introduction
Psychology is the study of mental processes,
experiences and behaviors.

Mental Processes: internal states of consciousness,

awareness. When we think, or when we try to
solve a problem, we use our mental processes.

Experiences: our everyday learning. Experiences

are subjective in nature. They are embedded in our
awareness or consciousness.

Behaviors: responses or reactions we make or

activities we engage in. Behavior can be simple,
complex, short or enduring. Can also be overt or
covert.

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Psychology as
a Discipline
 Psychology as a Discipline
• Studies MEB.
• Seeks to understand and explain how the mind works and how
different mental processes result in different behaviors.
• Psychologists try to minimize biases in explanations of different
behaviors.
• Psychology though it is a very old knowledge discipline, is a
young science.
• First laboratory: 1879 in Leipzig, Germany.
• Can be studied as a natural science and social science.

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 Psychology as a Natural Science
• Modern psychology has developed because of the application of
scientific method to study psychological phenomenon.
• Psychology has roots in philosophy
• Psychology was influenced by Descartes and later on by the
developments in physics has grown by following what is called a
hypothetico-deductive model. The model suggests that scientific
advancement can take place if you have a theory to explain a
phenomenon. Eg: Big Bang Theory of universe.
• Based on theory – hypothesis – true/false
• Theories of learning, memory, perception. etc

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 Psychology as a Social Science
• Psychology is recognised more as a social science because it
studies the behaviour of human beings in their socio-cultural
contexts.
• Humans are not only influenced by their socio-cultural contexts,
they also create them.
• Psychology as a social science discipline focuses on humans as
social beings.
• Psychology is a social science with focus on the individuals and
communities in relation to their sociocultural and physical
environment.

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Mind
and Behavior
 What is mind? Is it the same as brain?
• It is true that mind cannot exist without brain, but mind is a
separate entity.
• Earlier believed by scientists that there is no relationship between
the mind and the body and that they were parallel to each other.
• Recent studies in affective neuroscience have clearly shown that
there is a relationship between mind and behaviour.
• A new discipline called Psychoneuroimmunology has emerged
which emphasises the role played by the mind in strengthening
the immune system

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 MIND AND
BEHAVIOR
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 meet our team

TAKUMA HAYASHI MIRJAM NILSSON​ FLORA BERGGREN​ RAJESH SANTOSHI

president chief executive officer chief operations officer vp marketing

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meet our extended team

TAKUMA HAYASHI MIRJAM NILSSON​ FLORA BERGGREN​ RAJESH SANTOSHI

president chief executive officer chief operations officer vp marketing

GRAHAM BARNES ROWAN MURPHY ELIZABETH MOORE ROBINE KLINE

vp product SEO strategist product designer content developer
 plan for product launch
PLANNING synergize scalable e-commerce

MARKETING disseminate standardized metrics

DESIGN coordinate e-business applications

STRATEGY foster holistically superior methodologies

LAUNCH deploy strategic networks with compelling e-business needs

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timeline
NOV 20XX
disseminate standardized metrics

SEP 20XX
synergize scalable e-commerce

JAN 20XX
coordinate e-business applications

MAR 20XX MAY 20XX

foster holistically superior deploy strategic networks with
methodologies compelling e-business needs
 areas of focus
B2B MARKET SCENARIOS
o Develop winning strategies to keep ahead of the competition
o Capitalize on low-hanging fruit to identify a ballpark value
o Visualize customer directed convergence​

CLOUD-BASED OPPORTUNITIES
o Iterative approaches to corporate strategy
o Establish a management framework from the inside

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 how we get there
ROI NICHE MARKETS SUPPLY CHAINS

o Envision multimedia- o Pursue scalable customer o Cultivate one-to-one

based expertise and cross- service through customer service with
media growth strategies sustainable strategies robust ideas

o Visualize quality o Engage top-line web o Maximize timely

intellectual capital services with cutting-edge deliverables for real-time
deliverables schemas
o Engage worldwide
methodologies with web-
enabled technologies

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 summary
At Contoso, we believe in giving 110%. By
using our next-generation data architecture, we
help organizations virtually manage
agile workflows. We thrive because of our
market knowledge and great team behind our
product. As our CEO says, "Efficiencies will
come from proactively transforming how we
do business."​

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thank you
mirjam nilsson
mirjam@contoso.com
www.contoso.com