10th Grade

Atomic Number
Objectives

a. Familiarize the components of the periodic table;

b. Locate the mass number and atomic number of an
element
What was our last topic?
 Symbol

Atomic Number

Atomic Mass

Name of the Element

 Atomic Number

Symbol

Name of the Element

Atomic Mass
Give at least 5
elements in the
periodic table
Provide the atomic number
of your chosen element.
 The atom is the basic particle of
the chemical elements. An atom
consists of a nucleus of protons and
generally neutrons, surrounded by
an electromagnetically bound swarm
of electrons. The chemical elements
are distinguished from each other by
the number of protons that are in
their atoms.
 How can you determine the number of
protons and the number of electrons in a
given element?
The atomic number of an atom is equal
to the number of protons in the
nucleus of an atom or the number of
electrons in an electrically neutral
atom. For example, in a sodium atom,
there are 11 electrons and 11 protons.
Thus the atomic number of Na atom =
number of electrons = number of
protons = 11.
How many electrons and protons in
the element Antimony?
It has 51 protons and 51 electrons
The atomic mass of an element is the
average mass of the atoms of an
element measured in atomic mass
unit (amu, also known as daltons, D).
1. What is the element with an atomic number
of 15?
2. How many protons does the atom of this
element have?
3. How many protons are there in an atom of
aluminum?
4. Which element has the smallest number of
protons in its atom?
1. What is the element with an atomic number
of 15? Phosphorus
2. How many protons does the atom of this
element have? 15
3. How many protons are there in an atom of
aluminum? 13
4. Which element has the smallest number of
protons in its atom? Hydrogen
Isotopes
Lesson Objectives:
a. Describe what is an isotope;
b. Interpret shorthand notations for isotopes
and atoms.
What was our last topic?
So what are isotopes?
The number of protons is the same with atoms of
a particular element, the number of neutrons may
vary. Atoms having the same number of protons
but different number of neutrons are referred to as
isotopes.
 The isotopes are identified through their mass
number which is the sum of the number of protons
and the number of neutrons in an atom.
 Consider two isotopes of Carbon, C-12 and
C-13.
1. How many protons are there in the C-12?
How about the number of neutrons?
2. How many protons are there in the C-13
isotope? How about the number of neutrons?
 Consider two isotopes of Carbon, C-12 and
C-13.
1. How many protons are there in the C-12?
How about the number of neutrons?
6 protons, 6 neutrons
2. How many protons are there in the C-13
isotope? How about the number of neutrons?
6 protons, 7 neutrons
 Quiz. Complete the table below.
Consider the three isotopes of Hydrogen, H-1, H2 and
H3.
Number of Number of Mass Number
Element Protons Neutrons

H-1
H-2
H-3
 Quiz. Complete the table below.
Consider the three isotopes of Hydrogen, H-1, H2 and
H3.
Number of Number of Mass Number
Element Protons Neutrons

H-1 1 0 1
H-2 1 1 2
H-3 1 2 3
Ions
What was our lesson last time?
Objectives:
a. describes the different characteristics of ions;
b. determines the different characteristics of ions through
group collaboration;
c. present the different characteristics of an identified ion.
Identify the number of protons of the given elements below:
1. Aluminum
2. Flourine
3. Neon
4. Gold
5. Silver
6. Nitrogen
Identify the number of protons of the given elements below:
1. Aluminum- 13
2. Flourine - 9
3. Neon- 10
4. Gold - 79
5. Silver - 47
6. Nitrogen - 7
An ion is a charged atom or molecule. It is
charged because the number of electrons is
not equal to the number of protons in the atom
or molecule. An atom can acquire a positive
charge or a negative charge depending on
whether the number of electrons in an atom is
greater or less than the number of protons in
the atom.
 An atom is attracted to another atom
because it has an unequal number of
electrons and protons, the atom is called
an ION. If the atom has more electrons
than protons, it is a negative ion, or
ANION. If it has more protons than
electrons, it is a positive ion.
 9 9 9

Atomic Number: ____

Number of Protons: ___
Number of Electrons: ___
Type of Ion: _____
Group activity
Atomic Number: ____ Atomic Number: ____ Atomic Number: ____
Number of Protons: ___ Number of Protons: ___ Number of Protons: ___
Number of Electrons: ___ Number of Electrons: ___ Number of Electrons: ___
Type of Ion: _____ Type of Ion: _____ Type of Ion: _____
1. An atom that has more protons than electrons
is called ______.
a. anion
b. atom
c. positive ion
d. neutral ion
2. ______ is a charged atom or molecules.
a. anion
b. atom
c. ion
d. neutral ion
3. An atom has a charge of positive 4. The atom
therefore is ______.
A. positive ion
B. anion
C. ion
D. negative ion
4. An atom has a charge of negative 4. The atom
therefore is ______.
A. positive ion
B. anion
C. ion
D. neutral
5. An atom has a charge of 0. The atom therefore
is ______.
A. positive ion
B. anion
C. ion
D. neutral
Element Number Number Number Mass
of of of Number
Protons Neutrons Electrons
Uranium-235

Uranium- 238

Chlorine-36

Carbon-14

Potassium - 40

Sodium - 24

Iodine – 131
Element Number Number Number Mass
of of of Number
Protons Neutrons Electrons
Uranium-235

Uranium- 238

Chlorine-36

Carbon-14

Potassium - 40

Sodium - 24

Iodine – 131
What was our last discussion?
Scientist behind the
Periodic Table of
Elements
Objectives:
a. describes how elements are
grouped in the periodic table; and
b. discovers the scientists behind the
periodic table.
Group Name Group Name Group Name
____________ ____________ ___________

1. 1. 1.

2. 2. 2.

3. 3. 3.

4. 4. 4.

5. 5. 5.
In your table, categorize these
following foods. Create your
own category and write it
below the “Group Name”
1. Biko 9. Balbacua
2. Humba 10. Kutsinta
3. Cake 11. Pakbet
4. Ginagmay 12. Mango Float
5. Bibingka 13. Puto Cheese
6. Macaroni 14. Cup Cakes
7. Budbud 15. Lechon Paksiw
8. Ice Cream
What was the basis of your groupings?
The development of the Periodic Table could be
tracked back in 1817 to the work of Johann
Dobereiner, a German Chemist, who formed the
triads of elements with similar properties like the
triad of calcium, barium and strontium. In 1863, John
Newlands, an English Chemist proposed the Law
of Octaves. He based his classification of elements
on the fact that similar properties could be noted
for every eight element when they are arranged in
order of increasing atomic masses.
Around 1869 two scientists determined a
way to put the elements in order. Lothar
Meyer and Dmitri Mendeleev both came up
with periodic tables that showed how
elements should be grouped. It is interesting to
note that these two scientists did not personally
know each other, yet they came up with the
same conclusions.
Both scientists arranged the elements in
order of increasing atomic mass while
putting in groups those with similar
properties. Both of them also left blank spaces
in their tables, believing that these spaces
would be filled later with elements yet to be
discovered.
1. Who is credited with the
development of the periodic table of
elements?
a. Isaac Newton
b. Dmitri Mendeleev
c. Marie Curie
d. Albert Einstein
2. What was the primary criterion used
by the scientist to arrange elements in
the periodic table?
a. Atomic mass
b. Atomic number
c. Electron number
d. Density
3. How did the scientist deal with cases
where the properties of an element did not
fit the predicted pattern in the periodic
table?
a. Ignored the anomaly
b. Adjusted the atomic mass
c. Left gaps for undiscovered elements
d. Created a separate category
4. The Scientist behind the periodic
table of elements are the following,
except:
a.Lothar Meyer
b.Dmitri Mendeleev
c.Isaac Newton
d.John Newlands
5. What is the contribution of John Newlands
in the development of the Periodic Table?
a.He proposed the Law of Octaves
b.He left spaces for undiscovered elements
c.He formed triads of elements
d.He arranged the periodic table of elements