The University of Danang-

University of Science and Technology

English For
Engineering
Course Instructor: Hoàng Văn Thạnh
Fixtures
 FIXTURES

1 2 3 4

Concept Structure of fixtures Principle of Some typical

locating 6 points positioning cases
1 What is the fixtures?
Fixtures is a necessary technology equipment in the
process of mechanical processing, inspection and
assembly of mechanical products, used to determine the
position of the workpiece relative to the cutting tool and
hold the workpiece in position under the influence of the
action of cutting force during machining.

A standard fixture is required: good locating and clamping.

1 What is the fixtures?
What is the locating?
 Locating is the determination of the relative position of
the part relative to the cutting tool before machining

What is the clamping?

 The process of clamping the part is the process of
fixing the position of the part after it has been
positioned to resist the effect of external forces (mainly
cutting forces) during the machining process, so that
the part cannot move and leave the specified position.
 1 What is the fixtures?
The role of fixtures in mechanical processing:
 The fixture is a necessary equipment in the
process of gas processing, inspection and
assembly of mechanical products, used to
determine the position of the support for the
cutting tool and hold it in place under the action of
the force. of cutting force during machining.
 Ensure the correct position between the workpiece
and the cutting tool.
 Fix the position of the part that has been located,
without external forces to move or vibrate (tighten)
 Locate and cut the guide tool.
 Create some extra movement for machining complex
surfaces.
2 Structure of fixtures

General structure of fixtures:

• Locating details
• Clamping details
• Clamp force transmission mechanism
• Guide mechanism
• Rotating and grading mechanisms
• Body and base of fixture.
• Positioning mechanism and fastening the
fixture to the machine
2 Structure of fixtures
I. Locating details
Technical requirements for locating details:
 Ensure accuracy in the required design direction
 Enough hardness (not vibration deformation under
the action of shear force, clamping force)
 High wear resistance
 The structural shape meets the positioning
requirements of each positioning surface, each different
fixture
2 Structure of fixtures
There are 2 types of locator:
 Plane locating details

 Cylindrical locating details

2 Structure of fixtures
II. Clamping details
Camping device has requirements:

• Firmly, transmit enough clamping force to the

workpiece Fastening details with bolts, nuts
• Neat simple structure
• Convenient control, light and fast
• Good self-brake
• Long broken

Eccentric gear clamping mechanism

 3 Principle of locating 6 points
I. Principle
There are 6 possibilities of free movement:
 3 translational movements: Ox; Oy; Oz
 3 rotary motion: Ox; Oy; Oz

 If you want an absolute solid to have a definite position

in 3D space according to the given x, y, z coordinates,
you must choose points on the faces to control all the
above 6 motions (6 degrees of freedom).

That's the 6-point rule when positioning

 3 Principle of locating 6 points
II. The content of the principle

 Consider face I: choose 3 points 1,2,3 corresponding to

3 points 1’, 2’, 3’ on xOy plane to control according to z
coordinate.

 Consider face II: choose 2 points 4, 5 corresponding to

2 points 4’, 5’ on yOz plane to control according to x
coordinate.

 Consider face III: choose 1 points 6 corresponding to 1

points 6’ on xOz plane to control according to y
coordinate.
 4 Some typical positioning cases
 Plane positioning

This is the typical positioning pattern used in

planning. the case of positioning with a control
plane of 3 degrees of freedom.

Often used in box-shaped, flat parts

4 Some typical positioning cases
 Positioning according to the outer cylinder surface
Types of external pillar positioning include:
A. V block
 This is a form of external positioning mainly in milling because it can withstand large
forces and impacts, and has high rigidity. The short V block controls 2 degrees of
freedom and the long V block controls 4 degrees of freedom.

Long V block: control 4 degrees of freedom only Short V block: control translation
2 degrees of translation and rotation around Ox according to Oy and Oz
4 Some typical positioning cases
 Positioning according to the outer cylinder surface
Types of external pillar positioning include:
B. Self-centering 3-spoke chuck
 Commonly used for turning and milling with graded cases. If the long pair is limited
to 4 steps, if the short pair is limited to 2 steps.

 When the long pair controls 4 degrees of freedom: 2 translate in terms of Oz, Oy; 2
rotate in Oz, Oy
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