ES17-STRESSES IN BEAMS

Engr. C.A.Asuncion
2nd Semester A.Y. 2023-2024
La Concepcion College
STRESSES IN BEAM
• Forces and couples acting on the beam cause bending (flexural
stresses) and shearing stresses on any cross section of the beam and
deflection perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the beam.
• If couples are applied to the ends of the beam and no forces act on it,
the bending is said to be pure bending.
• If forces produce the bending, the bending is called ordinary bend

• Flexure Formula
Stresses caused by the bending moment are known as flexural or
bending stresses.
STRESSES IN BEAM
• Flexure Formula
By Hooke’s law, ε = σ / E, then
STRESSES IN BEAM
• Flexure Formula
fb = My/I

fb(max) = Mc/I
STRESSES IN BEAM
• Flexure Formula
fb(max) = Mc
I
Where:
fb is the flexural stress in MPa (psi),
ρ is the radius of curvature of the beam in mm (in),
M is the bending moment in N·mm ,N.m, (lb·in),
c is the distance from the neutral axis to the outermost fiber in mm (in)
I is the centroidal moment of inertia in mm4 (in4)
STRESSES IN BEAM
fb(max) = Mc
I
fb(max)= M
(I/c)
ratio I/c is called the section modulus and is usually denoted by S with
units of mm^3 (in^3 ). The maximum bending stress may then be
written as:
fb(max) = M
S in mm^3
This form is convenient because the values of S are available in
handbooks for a wide range of standard structural shapes.
STRESSES IN BEAM
Prob.1- A simply supported beam, 2 in wide by 4 in high and 12 ft long is
subjected to a concentrated load of 2000 lb at a point 3 ft from one of the
supports. Determine the maximum fiber stress and the stress in a fiber
located 0.5 in from the top of the beam at midspan.
 STRESSES IN BEAM

x axis

3 ft

(constant)
lb.in
STRESSES IN BEAM
STRESSES IN BEAM
• PROB.2- Determine the minimum height h of the beam if the flexural stress
is not to exceed
• 20 MPa.

1m
STRESSES IN BEAM
• PROB.2

3
STRESSES IN BEAM
PROB.3-A cantilever beam, 50 mm wide by 150 mm high and 6 m long,
carries a load that varies uniformly from zero at the free end to 1000 N/m at
the wall. (a) Compute the magnitude and location of the maximum flexural
stress. (b) Determine the type and magnitude of the stress in a fiber 20 mm
from the top of the beam at a section 2 m from the free end.

moment arm
STRESSES IN BEAM
• PROB.3

a.Maximum moment occurs at the support(wall) or at X=6 ft

3 conversion
STRESSES IN BEAM
PROB.3
b.At a section 2 m from free end or X=2m at fiber 20mm from top of the
beam
STRESSES IN BEAM
PROB.4
• A 50-mm diameter bar is used as a simply supported beam 3 m long.
Determine the largest uniformly distributed load that can be applied
over the right two-thirds of the beam if the flexural stress is limited to
50 MPa.
Moment at A=0

Byx3m = 2W(2/2 +1)

 2-(2/3)

2m 1m
PROB.4
DEFLECTION IN BEAM
Deflection of Beams
The deformation of a beam is usually expressed in terms of its deflection from
its original unloaded position. The deflection is measured from the original
neutral surface of the beam to the neutral surface of the deformed beam. The
configuration assumed by the deformed neutral surface is known as the elastic
curve of the beam.
• Double Integration Method | Beam Deflections
• where x and y are the coordinates shown in the figure of the
elastic curve of the beam under load,
• y is the deflection of the beam at any distance x.
• E is the modulus of elasticity of the beam,
• I represent the moment of inertia about the neutral axis, and
• M represents the bending moment at a distance x from the end of the
beam. The product EI is called the flexural rigidity of the beam.
• The first integration y' yields the slope of the elastic curve
• second integration y gives the deflection of the beam at any distance
x.
• The resulting solution must contain two constants of integration since
• EI y" = M is of second order.
• These two constants must be evaluated from known conditions
concerning the slope, deflection at certain points of the beam.
• For instance, in the case of a simply supported beam with rigid
supports, at x = 0 and x = L, the deflection y = 0, and in locating the
point of maximum deflection, we simply set the slope of the elastic
curve y' to zero.
• PROB.1
Compute the midspan value of EI δ for the beam loaded as shown.
MOMENT EQUATION

SLOPE EQUATION

DEFLECTION EQUATION
THANK YOU !!!