OILS

By SINOKUBONGA and ETHAN

 Oils
• Crude oil, or petroleum,is a mixture of different
hydrocarbons .
• It was formed from plankton that previously floated in the
oceans.
• When the plankton died,it fell to the seabed and was
buried in mud.
• Geological processes then converted the plankton into
crude oil,which is now found soaked in porous rocks.
• To extract it, a well ( a bore-hole ) is drilled into the
ground and the oil either comes out under it’s own
pressure, or needs pumping out.
• Oil rigs to do this may be located on land or at sea.
• After extraction, the crude oil needs refining to produce
petrol for vehicles (‘ gasoline’ or ‘gas’ in the USA), diesel
fuel, aviation fuel and heating oil.
• ( Although it is not relevant to energy supply, the
petrochemical industry gets many of it’s raw materials
from oil refineries.
• (Most plastics are produced from oil)
• It is predicted that oil consumption will increase more
slowly than the overall increase in the world’s energy
consumption.
• However, oil is still expected to remain the largest source
of energy.
• When oil prices rise, electricity generating companies
have the option of switching to alternative fuels.
• However, the use of oil in transport continues to rise, and
significant technological advances- such as the
development of electric cars- will be needed to change
Advantages of oil

• It is easy to transport by pipeline or bulk tanker.

• It is the only fuel mass used for motor vehicles.
• It is less polluting than coal when burned.
• It is also a raw material in the chemical industry.
Disavantages of oil

• Burning oil produces greenhouse gases and can lead to

increased global warming.
• Oil spills from leaking tankers and pipelines can cause
pollution which kills wildlife.
• World oil production is concentrated in a small number of
countries,which control both the supply and the price.
• Work on board oil rigs, especially those offshore,can be
dangerous.
• THANK YOU