FOODGRAINS

CROPS

AGRICULTURE
CLASS: X GEOGRAPHY DATE: 26.05.23

TOPIC: AGRICULTURE
(DIFFERENT TYPES OF AGRICULTURE)
 PRIMITIVE SUBSISTENCE FARMING ‘SLASH AND BURN’ METHOD
Primitive agriculture is the oldest form of agriculture and still prevalent in some parts of
the world.
Major Features
 Farmers clear a patch of land and produce cereals and other
food crops to sustain their family.
 When the soil fertility decreases, the farmers shift and clear a
fresh patch of land for cultivation.
 This type of shifting allows Nature to replenish the fertility of
the soil through natural processes.
 Land productivity in this type of agriculture is low as the
farmer does not use fertilizers or other modern inputs.
 INTENSIVE SUBSISTENCE FARMING
Intense pressure of population on agricultural land RIGHT OF INHERITANCE

DIVISION OF LAND
Major Features
SMALL LAND HOLDINGS
• Labour intensive Farming
• Use of high doses of biochemical
inputs and irrigation for obtaining FARMERS BRING OUT
higher production MAXIMUM OUTPUT
• Intensifying methods of agriculture FROM THIS LAND

MORE MANUAL
LABOUR
 COMMERCIAL FARMING
Crops are raised in order to sell in the market to make money

Major Features
• In this type of agriculture, a lot of capital is invested and
large-scale crops are grown in huge farms
• Use of HYV seeds, modern technologies, machinery,
irrigation methods and chemical fertilizers.
• Crops that are in high demand, i.e. crops that need to be
exported to other countries or are used as raw materials in
industries are produced mainly.
• The extent of agricultural marketing differs from region to
region.
 PLANTATION FARMING
In this type of farming, a single crop is grown on a large area

Major Features
• The plantation has an interface of agriculture and
industry
• Plantation farms have an enclosed estate and a
factory where processing of the crop takes place
• Plantations cover large tracts of land
• Use of capital intensive inputs, with the help of
migrant laborers
• All the production is used as raw material in
respective industries