GROUP 6

Arradaza, Shania OZONE DISCO

Belaro, Blesse Jane
TRAGEDY
Cañega, Aaron
&
Dable, Kian Jan
Manuales, Juvilyn
MAKATI CITY HALL
PHASE I PARKING
Reoma, Hanah
BUILDING
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CONTENTS:
About the Ozone Disco Tragedy
Ozone Disco Club
Fire Tragedy
Case Timeline and Resolution
Laws Violated
About the Makati City Hall Phase I
Parking Building
Construction of the Parking Building
Project Issues
2
Learning Outcomes:

Understanding Fire Hazards and

Implementing Preventative Measures

Importance of Building and Fire Code

Compliance

Awareness of the Governing Legal and

Regulatory Frameworks.

Develop ethical decision-making skills

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OZONE DISCO
TRAGEDY
OZONE DISCO CLUB
- Popular nightclub in Quezon
City, Philippines
- Owned by Mr. Hermilo Ocampo
- 50 sq. meter dancefloor
- Max. capacity of 35 people
- No proper permits

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 OZONE DISCO
EVENT
- In March 18, 1996, the club was
hosting a special event to celebrate
the end of the school year.
- The club was overcrowded, with
about 350 patrons and 40
employees inside.

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OZONE DISCO
SETTING - To get to the dance area, guests had to enter
through the building’s main doors, then
through another door.

- The DJ booth was located in front of the

dance floor.

- The ceiling was reportedly adorned with

decorative egg cartons, and the walls around
the DJ booth were lined with acoustic foam
for noise and sound control.

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OZONE DISCO
SETTING
- Ozone Disco also had a mezzanine, an
elevated platform about halfway
between the ceiling and the floor.

- The venue had only one emergency

exit next to a VIP room.

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THE TRAGEDY
• Around midnight, a spark lit up from the DJ booth.

• The music was interrupted by a series of

explosions.

• The ceiling burst into flame, the light fixtures

collapsed along with the entire mezzanine.

• A stampede formed, making it increasingly difficult

for anyone to escape.

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THE TRAGEDY
• The people who somehow managed to make it out of
the main area found themselves dealing with the
building’s main inswing doors.

• As people tried to force their way out through the

inward-opening doors, the sudden rush of oxygen
caused a backdraft—a violent explosion of flames and
heat.

• 162 people were dead, and over 100 were injured.

• Php 15M worth of damage to property.

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REPORTED CAUSES OF THE INCIDENT

INAPPROPRIATE
01 OVERCAPACITY 02 BUILDING DESIGN

LACK OF FIRE SAFETY

03 MEASURES 04 BACKDRAFT

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 TIMELINE ON THE ODT CASE

Nov. 2001
Mar. 1996 Criminal Nov. 2014
Massive Fire Charges of 12 Conviction of 7 QC
Incident QC officials former officials and
owners

Mar. 2001 Aug. 2007

Conviction of the Acquittal of the
Ozone Disco Club
owners
City Engr.

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Resolution of the Ozone Disco Tragedy

MARCH
Two businessmen that operated Ozone club,
Hermilo Ocampo and Ramon Ng, are convicted of
reckless imprudence resulting in multiple homicide

16, 2001 and multiple serious injuries and are meted with a
four-year prison terms and fined more than P25
million each for the deadly tragedy.

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 Resolution of the Ozone Disco Tragedy

Sandiganbayan charges 12 officials of the Quezon

November
City government with reckless imprudence
resulting to multiple homicide and multiple
physical injuries for alleged involvement in the

2001 granting of safety clearance and permits to the

establishment without conducting actual inspections
and despite several structural defects.

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 Resolution of the Ozone Disco Tragedy

August 23,
Sandiganbayan orders the acquittal
of former city engineer and building
official of Quezon City Alfredo

2007 Macapugay, one of the 12 officials

charged with reckless imprudence.

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 Resolution of the Ozone Disco Tragedy

Seven former Quezon City officials

November and two businessmen, including

Macapugay, are convicted of graft
in connection with the fire tragedy
20, 2014 and are sentenced to six to 10 years
in jail.

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LAWS
VIOLATED
In this chapter, the laws
violated by the convicted
persons are presented.

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 November 20, 2014 Verdict
Found guilty beyond reasonable doubt by the
Sandiganbayan Fifth Division for violation of “The engineers gave
unwarranted and
Republic Act No. 3019, or the Anti-Graft and preferential
Corrupt Practices Act. Among these are the ff: advantage to the
• Hermilo Ocampo and Ramon Ng Ozone disco owners.
• Alfredo Macapugay They failed to detect
• structural and fire
Donato Rivera Jr.,
safety deficiencies,”
• Edgardo Reyes,
• Francisco Itliong,
Court
• Feliciano Sagana, Administrator
• Petronillo de Llamas and Teresa Pabulayan
• Rolando Mamaid

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 Building Code Violations
Swing-in Door
A violation of PD 1096
Sec. 1207 (c)(1) Swing:
Exit door shall swing in
the direction of exit
travel when serving
anyhazardous areas or
when serving an
occupant load of 50 or
more.
ENTRANCE DOOR
SERVES AS EXIT
DOOR
A violation of PD 1096 Sec.
1207 (b)(1) Number of Exits:
Every building or usable
portion thereof shall have at
least one exit. In all
occupancies, floors above the
first storey having an
occupant load of morethan 10
shall not have less than two
exits.
ALTERNATIVE
EXIT
OBSTRUCTED BY
SOFA
A violation of PD 1096
Sec. 1207 (a)(2) Exit
Requirements. No
obstruction shall be
placed in the required
width of an exit
exceptprojections
permitted by this Code.
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 Fire Code Violations
NO DEFECTIVE FIRE
SPRINKLERS
A violation of PD 1185: Section 10.2.6.5 EXTINGUISHERS
A violation of PD 1185 Section 10.5.3.3
Automatic Sprinklers And Other Extinguishing Servicing And Maintenance:
Equipment:
A. General A. Maintenance and servicing of fire
1. Automatic sprinklers required in Divisions extinguishers shall be performed
8 through 17 must comply with NFPA 13 periodically, but atleast once every
standards. twelve (12) months, after each use, or
when an inspection shows thatthe
need is obvious.
B. B. Hydrostatic test shall be performed
every five (5) years.

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MAKATI CITY
HALL PHASE 1
PARKING
BUILDING
MAKATI CITY HALL
PARKING BUILDING
• Dubbed as a world-class
building.

• It is an 11-story building.

• The project was initiated by

Jejomar Binay in 2007 and
was completed in 2012 with
Jejomar Erwin Binay Jr. as
mayor in the city.

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MAKATI CITY HALL
PARKING BUILDING
• The construction was
divided into five phases.

• Phase I of the Makati City

parking building was the
biggest project in the line-
up with a ₱400 million
approved budget contract
(ABC).
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LAWS
VIOLATED
In this chapter, the laws
violated by the convicted
persons are presented.

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 Procurement Violations
THE CONSTRUCTION
WAS NOT COVERED BY
THE CITY’S ANNUAL
PROCUREMENT PLAN
A violation of Republic Act
No. 9184 Article II Section 7
All procurements should be
within the approved budget of
the Procuring Entity and
should be meticulously and
judiciously planned by the
Procuring Entity concerned.
ABSENCE OF BID DOCUMENTS
PUBLICATION OF WERE MADE AVAILABLE
INVITATION TO ONLY FOR ONE DAY
BID
A violation of Republic Act
No. 9184 Article VI Section
A violation of Republic
17.3 of 2016 Revised IRR
Act No. 9184 Article VII
Section 21
Bidding Documents shall be
available from the time the
All Invitations to Bid for
Invitation to Bid is first posted
contracts shall be
until the deadline for the
advertised to ensure the
submission and receipt of bids.
widest possible
dissemination.
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 Procurement Violations
NO PRE-PROCUREMENT
CONFERENCE
A violation of Republic Act
No. 9184 Article VII Section
20
The BAC is mandated to hold
a pre-procurement conference
on every procurement.
UNDUE HASTE
IN THE AWARDS AND
PROCUREMENT PROCESS
A violation of Republic Act No.
9184 Article XI Section 38
Based on the 2016 Revised IRR
Annex C, the recommended
earliest possible time for the
procurement of infrastructure
projects is twenty-six (26) days.
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 Type of Construction Violation
ORIGINAL PROJECT OF THE NINE-STOREY PARKING
BUILDING WAS UPGRADED TO 11-STOREY WITHOUT AN
APPROVED BUILDING PLAN AND APPROVED BUDGET COST

A violation of the National Building Code of the Philippines Chapter 4 Section 402

No change shall be made in the type of construction of any building which would place the
building in a different sub-type or type of construction unless such building is made to comply
with the requirements for such sub-type of construction: Except, when the changes is approved
by the Building Official upon showing that the new or proposed construction is less hazardous,
based on life and fire risk, than the existing construction.

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 RED FLAGS IN MAKATI CITY HALL
PHASE 1 PARKING BUILDING

Collusion Among
01 Discrepancies 02 Bidders

03 No Participation 04 Favored Contractor

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01 Discrepancies

According to COA, actual

accomplishment for Phase 1 only
reached 13.91% compared to the
reported accomplishment of
100% on January 6, 2009.

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 Collusion Among Bidders
02

Documents from the Senate Blue Ribbon committee showed that Hilmarc’s
Construction outbid ITP and J Bros Construction for the Makati parking
building with the slimmest of margins.

Based on the table above, Hilmarc’s Construction beat J Bros Construction for
the Makati parking building by a mere ₱317,000 difference in the bids.
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03 No Participation
In a letter submitted to the Senate Blue
Ribbon, J Bros Construction chief
operating officer, Alejandro Tengco,
denied the company’s participation in the
2007 bidding for the Makati parking
building Phase 1.

In addition, Tengco said that at the time

of the bidding, the company was not yet
qualified to participate since it had not
undertaken any project of similar
magnitude as required under the
Procurement Law. 31
 Favored
Contractor
04
Based on available data, the Makati City
government is a regular client of Hilmarc’s
Construction. Data from the Philippine
Government Procurement Electronic System
(PhilGEPS) showed that from 2009 to 2014, the
company bagged a total amount of ₱3.919 billion
worth of 7 contracts from the Makati LGU.

In addition, former Makati BAC vice chair Mario

Hechanova, during a Senate hearing, said bid
fixing is “usual practice” in Makati.

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References:

https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/747404/more-anomalies-in-m
akati-parking-building-bared

https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/655
642/coa-orders-binays-to-refund-p2-29b-spent-for-makati
-parking-bldg/story/

https://www.ombudsman.gov.ph/ombudsman-affirms-cha
rges-against-binays-for-p2-2billion-makati-carpark-proje
ct/

https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/investigative/69017-o
verpriced-makati-infra-projects/

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