Theme 1

Settlemen
t
Tier 3 words: Settlement, Settlement Pattern, Urban, Rural, Hierarchy, Threshold Population, Services, High
order Goods, Low Order Goods, Sphere of Influence, Linear, Dispersed, Nucleated, Central Business District,
Industrial, Residential, Rural - Urban Fringe, Urbanisation, Counter-urbanisation, Suburbanisation, Urban
Regeneration, Megacity, Global City, Hoyt Model, Burgess Model , Urban Sprawl, Brownfield, Greenfield,
Greenbelt, Rural Depopulation, Squatter Settlements / Slums, Infrastructure

Settlement Patterns
● Linear - where the buildings are arranged in a line
- usually along a river or road.
● Nucleated - where the buildings are clustered
around a central point, e.g. a bridge or market
square. There are push and pull factors to living in rural areas.
● Dispersed - where the buildings are spread out or Make sure you can name some. E.g. Urban pull = better
scattered. Dispersed settlements are often found in job opportunities.
remote, sparsely-populated areas.

Settlement Functions
Settlement Sites

Defensive
Food supply Wet-point site Route centre
site
Building Bridging-
Sheltered site Dry-point site
materials point site

They could also be categorised as physical (relief, soil,

climate) and human (access, resources, history).

Urban Land Use Models

Land Values:
Make sure you can
explain these different
models and recognise
them on maps/pictures
- particularly the
CBD!

Burgess Model:
 Theme 1
Settlemen
t
Tier 3 words: Settlement, Settlement Pattern, Urban, Rural, Hierarchy, Threshold Population, Services, High
order Goods, Low Order Goods, Sphere of Influence, Linear, Dispersed, Nucleated, Central Business District,
Industrial, Residential, Rural - Urban Fringe, Urbanisation, Counter-urbanisation, Suburbanisation, Urban
Regeneration, Megacity, Global City, Hoyt Model, Burgess Model , Urban Sprawl, Brownfield, Greenfield,
Greenbelt, Rural Depopulation, Squatter Settlements / Slums, Infrastructure

Impact of rapid urban growth

Mumbai:
● Economic Impact - growth of new CBD’s
(Belapur and Bandra Kurla Complex) and new
town developments and industrial hubs (Navi
Mumbai)
● Social Impact - Dual society created due to
high quality residential neighbourhoods and
Dharavi slums
● Environmental Impacts - Building on the
Sanjay Gandhi National Park, traffic Solutions of rapid urban growth
● Dharavi slum redevelopment - this creates conflict!
congestion, Issues with waste disposal
● Curitiba - Parks, waste disposal initiative at
London:
● Suburbanisation and counter-urbanisation to areas Favela’s, pedestrianised crete of the city, articulated
within Surrey (e.g. Crawley and Dorking). buses, elevated glass tubes for the bus rapid
● Area for commuting and teleworking transport system
● Building on the rural-urban fringe can create ● Re-urbanisation to create more homes/space within
conflict with stakeholders the city e.g. London Docklands/Canary Wharf and
● Building on the greenfield site Stratford in London
● Creation of the green belt to prevent urban sprawl