Mathematics In Ship Designing

Presented By: -Madhu H.B(0915002) -Jeevan Anthony(0915028) -Rajesh.G(0915018)

Various Designs:

Preliminary Design:
Consists of features such as -Dimensions(height,length) -Displacement -Stability -Hull form -Propulsive characteristics -Structural details. Based on the usage, they are broadly classified as: cargo,fishing,passenger vessels & warships etc.

Mathematics in Ship designing:

They are many formulas and techniques for ship designing. Ship floating basically depends on Buoyancy(Physics) which is nothing but applied mathematics. In this ppt,we deal with four of the important ones:

Taylors theorem. Gross tonnage. Navier-stokes Eqtn. Froude Numbers.

Taylors Theorem:
Definition:

The Taylor series of a real or complex font (x) th is infinitely differentiable in a neighborhood of a real or complex number a is the power series whic can be written in the more compact sigma notation a

where n! denotes the factorial of n and (n)(a) denotes the nth derivative of evaluated at the point a. The zeroth derivative of is defined to be itself and (x a)0 and 0! are both defined to be 1.

 Or in simple terms,the Taylor series corresponding to a function (x) at a point x0 is the infinite series whose nth term is (1/n!)(n)(x0)(x - x0)n, where (n)(x) denotes the nth derivative of (x).
Resistance charts based upon model tests of a series of ships derived by altering the proportions of a single parent form. Used to study the effects of these alterations on resistance to the ship's motion, and to predict the powering requirements for new ships.

Gross Tonnage:
It is a unit less index related to a ship's overall internal volume. It was defined by The International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships, 1969, adopted by the International Maritime Organization in 1969, and came into force on July 18, 1982. It is calculated by measuring a ship's volume (from keel to funnel, to the outside of the hull framing) and applying a mathematical formula. It is based on two variables:
1.V, the ship's total volume in cubic meters (m), and 2.K, a multiplier based on the ship volume.

 The value of the multiplier K varies in accordance with a ship's total volume (in cubic meters) and is applied as a kind of reduction factor in determining the gross tonnage value - which does not have a unit such as cubic metres or tons.K ranges from 0.22 to 0.32 and is calculated with a formula which uses the common or base-10 logarithm: Once V and K are known, gross tonnage is calculated using the formula, whereby GT is a function of V:

NavierStokes equations:
These equations describe how the velocity, pressure, temperature, and density of a moving fluid are related. It consists of a time-dependent continuity equation for conservation of mass, three timedependent conservation of momentum equations and a time-dependent conservation of energy equation. The differential equations are therefore partial differential equations

Froude Number
The Froude number is a dimensionless number defined as the ratio of a characteristic velocity to a gravitational wave velocity. In fluid mechanics, the Froude number is used to determine the resistance of an object moving through water, and permits the comparison of objects of different sizes Named after William Froude, the Froude number is based on the speed/length ratio as defined by him. The Froude number is defined as:

where V is a characteristic velocity , and c is a characteristic water wave propagation velocity. The Froude number is thus analogous to the Mach number. The greater the Froude number, the greater the resistance.

Continued.

In Ship hydrodynamics
For a ship, the Froude number is defined as:
where V is the velocity of the ship, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and L is the length of the ship at the water line level. It is an important parameter with respect to the ship's drag, or resistance, including the wave making resistance.

Thank You!!!