T

T
C

Grammar
INSTRUCTOR: ZARIF JAMAL
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T
C

Present
Perfect Tense
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T
C

What’s Present
Perfect Tense?
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Present Perfect Tense T
C

Usages
1. The present perfect expresses the idea that something happened
(or never happened) before now, at an unspecified time in the past.
Examples:
They have moved into a new apartment.
I have never seen snow.
I have already seen that movie.
Jack hasn’t seen it yet.
Alex feels bad. He has just heard some bad news.
Note: Notice in The adverbs ever, never, already, yet, still, and just are
frequently used with the present perfect.
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2. The present perfect also expresses the repetition T
of an activity before now. The exact time of each C

repetition is not important.

Note: So far is frequently used with the present
perfect.
Examples:
We have had four tests so far this semester.
I have written my wife a letter every other day for the last two weeks.
I have met many people since I came here in June.
I have flown on an airplane many times.
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3. The present Perfect, when used with for or since, T
also expresses a situation that began in the past and C

continues to the present.

Since + a particular time
For + a duration of time
Examples:
I have been here since seven o’clock.
We have been here for two weeks.
I have had this same pair of shoes for three years.
I have liked cowboy movies ever since I was a child.
I have known him for many years.
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Present Perfect Tense T
C

Structure #1
Formulas Examples
Affirmative Sub + have/has + 3rd V (PP) + C. I have done my homework.
Interrogative Have/has + Sub + 3rd V (PP) + C + ? Have I done my homework?

Negative Sub + Have/has + not + 3rd V (PP) + C. I haven’t done my homework.

Negative- Have/has + not + Sub + 3rd V (PP)+ C + ? Haven’t I done my homework?
interrogative
 Homework:
Page 22, 23, 24, 25
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