GO - FC3002 - E01 - 1 GSM Basic Feature Package - 157 (With EMS)

GSM Basic Feature Package
Contents
 Voice Service
 Supplementary Service
 Mobility Management
 Resource Management
 Network Performance
 Transmission
 Security
Half Rate
One speech channel TCH includes 26-frame multi-frame, time
is 120ms.
FR
1 2 3 12 13 14 24 25 26
TCH/F TCH/F TCH/F SACCH idle
HR
1 2 3 12 13 14 24 25 26
TCH/H1 TCH/H2 TCH/H1 TCH/H2 SACCH1 TCH/H2 TCH/H2 TCH/H1 SACCH2
© ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved

Half Rate
 Activating HR solution achieves fast expansion of wireless network,

relieves network intense capacity, effectively solves partial traffics
congestion, and can be supplement for urgent expansion solution.
 Proportion of the MS supporting HR codec
 Using HR will lower the speech quality during conversation in worse radio C/I areas
 HR solution suits for low-value areas with outburst heavy traffics
HR solution increases the capacity
and spectrum efficiency. Two HR subscribers share 16
kbps transmission of Abis
The ZTE BSC avoids the interface; therefore, the
transmission in Abis interface In poor radio environments, the speech
occurrence of HR fragmentations
is not affected. quality of the HR decreases.
to reserve continuous and
complete timeslot for FR
allocation and data services. In The ZTE BSS monitors the strength of
addition, the BSC can gather the radio signals and speech quality to
fragmental HR channels by dynamically switch between the HR and FR
internal cell handover, which is re- for a subscriber. In this way, the network
packaging mechanism for capacity increases with the satisfying
ongoing half rate calls. service quality.

Half Rate

Half Rate

Half Rate

Enhanced Full Rate (EFR) Speech Codec
 Three Standards of GSM Digital Voice Channel

Code mode Rate (kbit/s)
Full rate (RPELTP) 13
Enhanced full rate (ACELP) 12.2
Half rate (VCELP) 5.6
 In the GSM-EFR solution, the code excitation is close to the residual signal. The
algebraic code structure reduces the storage and search volume of the codes. In
addition, the frequency domain control function is provided, which is close to the
residual signal.
 The EFR coding rate (12.2Kb/s) is smaller than the FR rate (13 Kb/s). More
protections exist in the channel codec. Hence, the use of the EFR can effectively
improve the user experiences.
MOS Comparison between EFR and FR (E1A) MOS Comparison between EFR and FR (IPA)
Codec Type MAX MIN AVG Codec Type MAX MIN AVG
FR 3.672 2.802 3.57 FR 3.93 3.401 3.831
EFR 4.008 2.811 3.932 EFR 4.107 3.283 4.047

Operation process of the speech codec at the input port




Adaptive Multi-rate Codec (AMR)
 AMR FR provides better speech quality than EFR under the bad radio conditions.
 AMR FR provides better quality than FR in comparable radio conditions, which makes AMR
HR attractive from a capacity point of view.
 As AMR HR coding provides similar quality as FR codec in comparable radio conditions, this
feature may result in 100% capacity gain if utilized fully .
Voice Activity Detection (VAD)
Discontinuous Transmission (DTX)
Switching off the encoding and transmission during
periods of silence, thus reducing radio interference
AMR HR and extending the MS battery lifetime.
AMR FR 4.75 kbps

5.15kbps
5.9kbps
6.7kbps
7.4kbps
7.95kbps
10.2kbps
12.2kbps




Adaptive Multi-rate Codec Wideband (AMR-WB)
 This feature provides high quality of voice, which makes the voice more natural,
and it also provides high quality telephone, voice and conference video services.
Coding Mode Coding Modulatio

Rate n Mode
WB-AMR_23.85 23.85 kbit/s 8PSK
WB-AMR_15.85 15.85 kbit/s 8PSK
WB-AMR_12.65 12.65 kbit/s 8PSK ／

GMSK
GMSK
WB-AMR_8.85 8.85 kbit/s 8PSK ／
GMSK
WB-AMR_6.60 6.60 kbit/s 8PSK ／ 8PSK
GMSK
 16k samples/s PSTN

voice
 GMSK FR/ 8-PSK FR/ 8-PSK HR Channel
can be used
AMR-WB voice impression can compare with
 6.6~ 23.85 kbps can be supported PSTN.



Contents
 Voice Service
 Transmission
 Security
eMLPP
 This feature allows operators to classify subscribers into different

categories with different priorities. Thus, operators can provide different
QoS for them to increase revenue.
Configuring
Queuing and Reserving different channel
preempting channels for high- allocation policies
priority users based on the
priorities of the
users
• The high-priority call is

put in the priority • The reserved • Operators can configure
queue; channels will be used different channel
• The high-priority call by the prioritized allocation policies for
may preempt resources users at the time of users of different
originally allocated to assignment and priorities.
low-priority calls; handover.
• The preemption
involves forced
handover and forced
release

eMLPP--Call Setup flow

eMLPP Configuration Window

eMLPP Configuration Window

eMLPP User Priority Configuration Window

eMLPP--GSM Cell Configuration Window

eMLPP--GSM Cell Configuration Window

LCS with CGI+TA& LCS with A-GPS
LCS with GTI+TA LCS with A-GPS
LCS with GTI+TA LCS with A-GPS Satisfy the
EXPRESS
EXPRESS
requests of
4 users in
commercial
1 district
MSC/SGSN MSC/SGSN
1 3 3
2
2 MS
BSC
3 3 Logistics
BSC
SMLC
1 2
1 Location request
2 GTI+TA SMLC 4
3 MS position response 1 Location request Monitori
Typical accuracy: ng
approximately 550 meters
2 GPS positioning assisted data
3 MS position response
The feature allows the
operators to introduce new 4 Positioning result
traffic-based location areas to
Typical accuracy: 10 meters
enhance the revenue.

TA Location Process
SMLC BSC MSC/SGSN
PERFORM LOCATION
BSSMAP-LE PERFORM REQUEST
LOCATION REQUEST Message
BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented

Information（TA Request）
BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented

Information(TA Response)
BSSMAP-LE PERFORM
LOCATION RESPONSE
PERFORM LOCATION
RESPONSE

TA Acquirement for PS Domain
SMLC SGSN BSS MS
1 . B S S A P - L E C o n n e c t io n O r ie n t e d
I n f o r m a t io n
(T A R e q u e s t) 2 a . P a c k e t P a g in g
3 a . A n y L L C f ra m e
or
2 b . P a c k e t P o llin g R e q .
3 b . P a c k e t C o n tro l A c k .
4 . B S S A P - L E C o n n e c t io n O r ie n t e d
I n f o r m a t io n
(T A R e s p o n s e )

LCS with A-GPS/CS Procedure

LCS with A-GPS/PS Procedure
SMLC BSC SGSN MS
PERFORM LOCATION REQUEST
BSSMAP-LE PERFORM LOCATION

REQUEST
Connection Oriented Information（MS Position

Command（RRLP Assistance Data））
POSITION COMMAND（RRLP Assistance
data）
LLC UI FRAME(RRLP Assistance Data)
LLC UI FRAME(RRLP Assistance Data

Ack)
POSITION RESPONSE
(RRLP Assistance Data Ack)
Connection Oriented Information（MS
POSITION RESPONSE（RRLP Assistance
Data Ack））
Connection Oriented Information（MS Position

Command（Measure Position Request））
POSITION COMMAND（RRLP Measure

Position Request） LLC UI FRAME(RRLP Measure Position
Request)
LLC UI FRAME(RRLP Measure Position

Response)
POSITION RESPONSE（RRLP Measure

Connection Oriented Information（MS
Position Response）
POSITION RESPONSE（RRLP Measure
Position Response））
BSSMAP-LE Perform Location Response PERFORM LOCATION RESPONSE

LCS with CGI+TA& LCS with A-GPS

Dual Transfer Mode
 This feature carries out PS and CS services Class A (DTM)
simultaneously, which makes end users enjoy Dual
transfer
speech call services, send and receive data
st
ue
services at the same time. The end user
e
as
re
experience is greatly enhanced, and operators
RR release
e
t
ke
rel
can increase revenues as well.
t
Pa
cke
Pa
Dedicated Packet
transfer
PDCH assignment
ess
LCS with CGI+TA
RR
acc
re
as e
le
t
RR
cke
a
ele
se
es
Pa
Fr
ta
b
TB
lis
h
Idle/
m
en
Packet idle
t
 An MS is able to enter the DTM through the
establishment of the PS connection only when
the dedicated CS mode exists.
 An MS working in the PS transmission mode
must release the TBF, and it has to go into the
dedicated CS mode before the TBF is established
again, and then enters the DTM.

Dual Transfer Mode

Contents
 Voice Service
 Transmission
 Security
SDCCH/SDCCH Handover
 This feature enables the SDCCH handover algorithm to reduce the call
drop ratio and improving the processing capacity of SMS, thus
enhancing the system performance as well.
SDCCH is occupied
for a long time
Signal Call Setup Location SMS services

Transmission Update
Handover between
SDCCH Channels




Traffic Based Handover
Traffic
Traffic Traffic
in Congestion
Low Low
handover
 This feature enables the handover
algorithm to adjust the traffic in
congestion region to realize the
balance.
 When the traffic channel occupation ratio in serving is greater than the preset traffic
handover threshold of the serving cell, BSC judges the serving cell is over-busy to trigger the
traffic based handover.
 Then BSC checks all the established calls in the serving cell, and if certain call has the
neighboring cell which meets the given demands in the layer, frequency band and level, and
the traffic of the neighboring cell is not more than the preset neighboring cell’s traffic
threshold, BSC then tries to handover the call from the serving cell to the neighboring cell.

 This feature is used in urban area with high traffic density.When a cell has traffic overload,
the users in the cell will be handovered to other cell with low traffic.Within the congetion
area, the cell can flexibly adjust the traffic distribution to reduce congestion.
 The TrafficLevThs can be set as a negative value, i.e. when the level of neighbor cell is low
er than the level of this cell, the call can also be toggled out.For example, when the level o
f one cell is very high, and the level of its neighbor cell (e.g. 1800M cell) is also very high,
but it is lower than that of this cell, in this case, traffic handover is allowed between the ce
lls. This threshold must be lower than the PBGT threshold in reverse direction. Otherwise, i
t may result in ping-pong handover.




Network-assisted Cell Change& Inter-BSC NACC
①
Target Cell Source Cell
BSS sends the minimum

required system information
of the target cell (before the
cell change) within source cell
②
Handover and TBF can be
established in the target cell
immediately.
 MS does not need to spend much time receiving the system information as entering the new
cell, so the interruption time is reduced from more than 1s to hundreds of milliseconds.
 The difference between inter-NACC and intra-NACC is that in intra-NACC, BSC can obtain
system information of target cell directly. While in inter-NACC, the system information from
the cell between BSCs/RNCs is obtained through the SGSN.

Network Assisted Cell Change (NACC)
 This feature is used in the PS service. It is applicable when cell re-election occurs
with the terminal, and it is suitable for all scenarios.
 When enabled, this feature can reduce the interruption time caused by listening
to system message for cell re-election, so as to improve the stability of the data s
ervice.

Network Assisted Cell Change (NACC)

Fast Handover Based on Downlink Level
 GSM supports fast handover based on downlink level.

BSC
BTS sends measurement reports of
uplink and downlink, terminal moving
speed and frequency offset of the train
to BSC. BTS
① ②
BSC makes the handover

decision and selects
suitable target cell.
Source Cell Target Cell

BTS




Power Optimization After Handover
 This feature reduces effectively the transmission power of the

terminals, lowers the network interference and extends the
terminals’ standby time.
 ZTE GSM system supports power optimization after non-saving
handover, the proper transmitting power calculated accoding to
the uplink or downlink power and the received level, BSS control
the terminal’s transmitting power with target level optimization
method.

Non-saving handover:
Budget (PBGT) handover, the macro-micro cells handover

Make the terminals transmit in the optimal power instead
of the maximum power during handover into the target
cell, reducing effectively the transmission power of the
terminals and extending the standby time.
macro
saving handover:
micro
The signal-quality handover, the signal-level handover,
the signal-interference handover and the ultra-distance
handover.
The terminals should transmit in the maximum power.




Service Indicator in Handover and Reselection
 This feature enables the prioritized network strategy based on

the service indicator. The suitable network mode is selected by
the users, improving the flexibility for multiple Radio Access
Technology (RAT) network interworking.
2G/3G HLR “Service
“Service handover”
handover” has
has three
three options:
options:
“Service Handover
Handover to to GSM
GSM should
should be
be performed
performed
handover” is –– HO
HO to
to GSM
GSM asas soon
soon as
as possible.
possible.
MSC
decided by: Server
Handover
Handover to to GSM
GSM should
should not
not be
be performed
performed
•Priority –– HO
HO to
to GSM
GSM inin the
the case
case that
that UMTS
UMTS cannot
cannot carry
carry the
the
•Call type service.
service.
•IMSI Handover
Handover to to GSM
GSM shall
shall not
not be
be performed
performed
–– Avoid
Avoid to
to HO
HO to
to GSM
GSM as
as much
much as
as possible.
possible.
MGW
“Service handover” information is sent to RNC

by CN in RAB Assign Request message
According to the value of “Service handover” , UMTS

deceide whether and when a UE HO to GSM.
BSC RNC

Handover to GSM Handover to GSM should

should be performed not be performed
Call Type CS voice PS data
Network GSM UMTS
Handover to GSM Handover to GSM should

should be performed not be performed
CS voice with CS voice with

Call Type PS data
low priority high priority
Network GSM UMTS UMTS

MSC Not prior handover Forbid handover to
Prior handover to 3G
BSC to 3G 3G
Forbid handover to
Prior handover to 3G Prior handover to 3G Prior handover to 3G
3G
Not prior handover Not prior handover Not prior handover Forbid handover to
to 3G to 3G to 3G 3G
Forbid handover to Forbid handover to Forbid handover to Forbid handover to

3G 3G 3G 3G
Subject to MSC, prior

handover to 3G by
default
Subject to MSC, not

According to ServiceHandover value sent by MSC or the default
prior handover to 3G
value of BSC when MSC does not send ServiceHandover value
by default
Subject to MSC,
forbid handover to
3G by default




Contents
 Voice Service
 Transmission
 Security
Dynamic FR/HR Adjustment
Dynamic Half Rate Allocation
High Load
HR HR HR HR HR HR HR HR
Idle
FR FR FR FR Low Load
FR FR FR FR
When traffic load is high to reach threshold, HR will be allocated.

When traffic load is lower, FR will be allocated.

Gold Copper Gold Copper
When traffic load is high, lower priority user High Load
FR will be adjusted to HR first, then Normal
user FR channel to HR.
VIP will not change to HR.
FR FR FR FR HR HR HR HR
Low Load
Silver Silver
The feature increases system capacity and ensures VIP subscribers experiences.




Automatic BCCH Recovery
 When this feature is activated, in case of a BCCH TRX failure, the BCCH channel is
switched to another TRX to avoid service interruption, resulting in improved
system stability.
 This function is implemented at BTS side;
BTS Report BCCH State
to BSC
 But the BCCH switchover command is issued by BSC
This function is implemented at BTS side;
but the BCCH switchover command is issued
by BSC BSC send a BCCH
switchover command to BTS
• BCCH switchover between different carriers in one RRU
• BCCH switchover between different RRUs in one cell
• BCCH switchover is needed when the UPBG board
configured with a BCCH carrier is damaged
BTS Choose BCCH
Switchover Target Carrier
BTS Report the State to BTS Execute BCCH

OMCR Switchover



Contents
 Voice Service
 Transmission
 Security
Extended Cell Coverage
TS0 TS1 TS2 TS3 TS4 TS5 TS6 TS7
9 us
80
=
it
1 9b TS0 TS1 TS2 TS3
t *2
i
/b
9 us
3.6
3 us
23
=
bit
3
*6
it
us/b
9
3.6
35km 121km




Delay Diversity Transmission (DDT)
 This feature increases downlink coverage. Together with uplink coverage

enhancement technology, it enlarges the coverage of the site, and quickly
optimizes the whole network.
Phase Adjust
Algorithm
RF PA
Delay
Phase Adjust
Algorithm RF PA
Operating principle :
•Let two transmitters to send same signals in short delays, and use the two
transmitters as a “virtual transmitter” to enhance the downlink signals.
•The terminal receives two useful signals of same content but different
interference condition.
•Obtains the attached the downlink gain of 2 to 3 dB by the synthesis algorithm,
thus expanding the network coverage, and implementing the enhanced coverage.

Delay Diversity Transmission(DDT)-(Configuration
of SDR V4.12)

of SDR V4.12)

of SDR V4.12)

of SDR V4.12)

Discontinuous Transmission Downlink&
Discontinuous Transmission Uplink
 This feature reduces the same frequency interference and saves the
system resources, thereby improving the voice quality. While reducing
the time of the MS and the base station transmitter, extend the talk time
and standby time of the MS, reduce the power consumption of the base
station.
Voice Activity Detection (VAD)
Send only Silence Descriptors frame (SID);

In the other time, it will close the transmission.
Send only SID;

In the other time, it will close the transmission.
VAD
Discontinuous Transmission Downlink

Discontinuous Transmission Uplink

Tandem Free Operation (TFO)
 This feature can reduce one coding and decoding process in the
call process, thus enhancing the voice quality.
Tandem Operation in the voice call process

Tandem Free Operation (TFO)
TFO is designed for transmitting the voice signals transparently

TFO – Negotiation and Establishing Process

Tandem Free Operation (TFO) - Cell

AMR Radio Link Timers
 AMR codec works normally in lower C/I since it has stronger

robustness.
 The performance of FACCH and SACCH are very important for
the network performance entirely.

AMR Radio Link Timers

Repeated FACCH/SACCH
FACCH SACCH R6
R6 based
based MS
MS is
is required
required
BSS makes the decision based on the
downlink measurement report. If the
receiving level is lower than the SACCH decoding failed
threshold, repeated FACCH block will SACCH Repetition Request
be sent.
Repeated block will be decoded
Downlink
Uplink
SACCH decoding failed

SACCH Repetition Order
Repeated block will be decoded
 Repeated FACCH/SACCH can greatly improve the success rate of

signaling decoding and handover, minimize the call drop.

Repeated FACCH/SACCH

AMR Power Control
 Increase capacity if AMR and non-AMR MS co-exist

 Improve voice quality for those subs that do not adopt AMR
 Decrease power consumption for those that adopt AMR and extend the battery
lifecycle
AMR-FR can get better quality under the same Through AMR-HR power control, system capacity
wireless condition compared to EFR expansion can be achieved while guaranteeing the
We
speech quality compared to EFR under the same
can set lower output power for AMR-FR to
wireless condition
control target level compared to EFR

AMR Power Control
 The decision process is as fol

lows: If P out of N latest upli
nk signal strength averages a
re more than the related thre
shold, the MS (uplink) trans
mission power should be inc
reased, because the uplink si
gnal strength is too weak.
 When enabled, this feature c
an increase the capacity of a
network with both AMR and
non-ARM handsets, and can
optimize power consumptio
n of the handset that is com
patible with AMR.

Intelligent Timeslot Shutdown
 This feature reduces the power consumption of BTS and saves

operator’s OPEX.
Traffic on Current Timeslot Power Consumption on Current Timeslot
Power
Consumption
Static Power
Consumption
TS0 TS1 TS2 TS3 TS4 TS5 TS6 TS7

BCCH Timeslot
Idle
 The BTS controls the bias voltage of PA in the timeslot, based on

whether there is traffic on current timeslot, thus reducing the PA static
power consumption.
 The reactivation time of timeslot shutdown is short enough to bring no
impact on adjacent timeslot. So this feature can be activated all the time.
Intelligent Timeslot Shutdown-Configuration of
SDRV4.12

Intelligent Cell Shutdown
 In the scenarios of multi-cell covering the same area, this feature

enables the system to close some cells according to the service
requirements when the traffic is not heavy, thus reducing power
consumption of equipments and the operator's OPEX.
900M/1800M dual frequency network
1800MHz
900MHz
Intelligent Cell
Shutdown
900MHz

Intelligent TRX Shutdown



Contents
 Voice Service
 Transmission feature
 Security
Abis/A/Ater/Gb Interface over Satellite
 These features are to realize the communication on

Abis/A/Ater/Gb interface over satellite link, which are to enhance
the capability of accessing to the long-distance equipments. In
addition, there are the ways to provide fast and efficient
solutions for emergency communication.
 In most cases, the single-way delay is around 250-280ms for GEO
(geostationary earth orbit).
 The frame re-transmitting timer is increased from 400ms to 1200ms.
 The size of the receiving and transmitting sliding windows is expanded from
16 to 32.

Abis/A/Ater/Gb Interface over Satellite
 By adjusting the related timer, increasing time for data receiving

and dispatch and time for retransmission delay as well as caching
data, etc., ZTE BSS system can effectively remove the negative
impact such as delay, jitter and other effects caused by satellite
transmission as to ensure voice and data services quality.
Satellite Satellite
Satellite Link Satellite Link
E1/IP E1/IP E1/IP E1/IP
CN Satellite Earth Station Satellite Earth Station BSC Satellite Earth Station Satellite Earth Station BTS

Abis Over Satellite

Abis Over Satellite

A Over Satellite

Gb Interface over Satellite

Flex A
 Extend the service region of one MSC, reduce inter-MSC

handover and location update, thus reducing the signaling traffic
between MSC and HLR;
 Reduce the congestion due to the capacity limitation of one
single CN node, making better use of the network capacity;
 The load of a faulty MSC can be transferred to another MSC in
the same MSC pool, so the disaster recovery ability of the
network is improved.

Flex A
Based on TDM Based on IP
MSC Pool
MSC Pool
MSCS MGW MSCS MGW MSCS MGW
MSCS MSCS MSCS
MGW
MGW MGW
IP Backhaul
BSC BSC BSC

BSC BSC BSC

Flex A

Flex A

Flex A

Flex Ater
 This feature avoids the service interruption caused by a single network

element failure of TC, thus the system reliability is improved.
• When constructing a
Flex Ater Flex A
network, an operator can use
BSC 1 small-capacity BSC without
TC in remote areas, while
BSC 2 TC 1 MSC 1 place TC POOL close to MSC

in central cities, so as to cut
the transport cost involved in
BSC 3 network construction.
• When a new service needs a
TC 2 new complex TC, it is easy to
E1/STM-1 MSC 2
add a TC unit, not only
BSC n preventing replacement of
quantities of hardware but
OMCR
also cutting equipment cost
needed for network upgrade.
Flex Ater

Flex Gb
 Extend the service region of one SGSN, reduce inter-SGSN cell

reselection and routing area update, thus reducing the signaling
traffic between SGSN and HLR;
 Reduce the congestion due to the capacity limitation of one
single CN node, making better use of the network capacity;
 The load of a faulty SGSN can be transferred to another SGSN in
the same SGSN pool, so the disaster recovery ability of the
network is improved.

Flex Gb
Based on TDM Based on IP

SGSN Pool
SGSN
SGSN SGSN SGSN SGSN SGSN SGS
Pool N
IP Backhaul
BSC/PCU BSC/PCU BSC/PCU
BSC/PCU BSC/PCU BSC/PCU

Flex Gb

Flex Gb

Flex Gb

Flex Gb

Concentric Circle Technology
 BCCH should be configured at the outer circle

 The talking should be established at the outer circle
 Decrease the numbers of BCCH
 The neighboring cells’ configuration don’t need to change
 Save the expense of network planning and maintenance
Concentric Circle
• Share one site

• Share one antenna
• Share BCCH
 Decrease the numbers of the inter-cell handover
 Reduce the traffic of Abis interface.

 Cover Range
The traditional cellular cells
 Cover Range
 Provide common channels and absorb the The area around BTS
traffic from the peripheral BTS;  Absorb the high traffic near BTS
 Improve the transmitted power of the carrier;
 Enhance the coverage area.
Outer Circle Inner Circle

 Frequency Reuse Ratio
 Frequency Reuse Ratio  More compact multiplexing for TCH
 Multiplexing of 4x3 for TCH carriers is
carriers could be adopted;
adopted generally.  Such as 3x3 or 2x3;
 Improved frequency reuse efficiency.
 Support the same frequency

band
• Reduce the coverage area to  Two separate sub-cells • Its handover algorithm is
avoid the co-frequency General Intelligent
 Support carrying out the power
based on the ratio of
interference; Concentric carrier and interference.
• Its handover algorithm is based
Concentric control independently
on the path loss and distance. Circle Circle
The inner circle is lower Transmitted Power Could be same





BSC Backup
 Support flexible configuration of a BTS parenting to multi BSCs. In case

that one BSC is unavailable, those BTSs connected to the BSC could be
quickly switched to other normal BSCs in the pool. In this way, traffic
interruption could be reduced and so that the network could be robust.
Core
Network
A/Gb Triggered
Triggered by by
Triggered
Triggered by by link
link failure
failure
link
link failure
failure BSC1
BSC3
BSC n BSC in Pool
BSC2 BSC4
BTS group 1
BTS group 3
BTS group 2
BSC Backup

A over IP
 Upgrade the throughput of A interface

 Meet evolution trend
 Improve voice quality
 Save costs of transmission
 Save costs of TC
Based on the SIGTRAN protocol stack
Control plane protocol stack User-plane protocol stack
BSC BTS BSC BTS

A over IP- Add RUIB Board

A over IP- Add RUIB Board Port

A over IP- Change Ethernet Port

A over IP- Add AIPB Board

A over IP- Add Ethernet IP Interface (IPV4)

A over IP- Loopback interface for Control plane

A over IP- Loopback interface for User plane

A over IP- Association Configuration

A over IP- User Plane Service Configuration

A over IP- The Specified IP Address of RUB

BTS Group Local Switch & BTS Local Switch
 For the scenarios like rural communities and isolated locations,

local traffic occupies 30% to 40% of total traffic. By using local
switch, transmission resource will be effectively saved and
network construction cost is reduced.
•For internal call in one BTS, it

finishes switch within this BTS and
doesn’t occupy Abis transmission
resource after being connected.
• For the calls in one BTS group,

switch is done in BTS on the top
layer.

BTS Group Local Switch & BTS Local Switch

Speech Quality Supervision
 This feature provides real time and continuous supervision of the overall network
performance. It is recommended and as valuable reference for operators on the
speech quality supervision and can provide useful information for specific
network optimization.
BER
FER
Handover
Numbers
DTX and
Transmission
Error Ratio of Abis
Interface BSS can analyze the SQS of dedicated cell or the whole network;
BSS gives the statistical report of the call numbers and proportion for each level.
These reports also work as the reference for the network maintenance and optimization work.

SQS Level User Satisfaction RXQual
Very clear speech, very small delay, smooth

Excellent communication 0
Clear speech, small delay, unsmooth

Good communication, a litter bit noise 1
Not so clear speech, large delay, tardy

Fair communication 2
Poor speech quatily,very large delay,

Poor repetitive communication,Bad:0-1.5 3/4
Very poor speech quality, intolerably large

Bad delay, discontinuous communication >4
SQS=C1*Codec+C2*BER+C3*FERX+C4*AERY+C5*DTX+C6*HOZ+Const


Massive Measurement Report
 This feature provides MR collection, and combined with MR

server can achieve a variety of network optimization function.
CMP
TCP • MS reports MR data plus BTS
measurement data through SACCH
MR FTP every 480ms during a call to
MMR Analysis
TCP Server synthesize complete MR data.
System
CMP
TCP
TIME MSG LEN
CMP
PACKET HEADER PACKET BODY
MAGIC BSC ID PACKET LEN MSG HEADER MSG BODY … MSG HEADER MSG BODY
The maximum length of Packet body is 1400 bytes
To the Ethernet





Call Trace System Interface
 CTS is due to track for the user, CTS can detect, locate faults and give analysis for
the position of system failure by analyzing the user's data, resolving customer
complaints and other scenarios.
Broadcast the
CTS trace request Signaling
CTS OMP Signaling of
of
CTS CTS trace request CTS CTS trace request OMP to all boards
trace
CTS background manage trace presence
presence
client background manage process
client Traced signaling sever Traced signaling process process of
of each
each
sever process board
board
Required trace signaling
Workstation Function Element Mediator Function

(WSF) OSF
(EMF)
• NE management WSF • NE management OSF • EMF framework
• trace task WSF • trace task OSF • CN EMF
• message monitor • message processor • RNC/BSC EMF
• message decoding
• message
presentation

Adaptive QPSK Modulation
 AQPSK is a modulation which based on α-QPSK

 The data of VAMOS pair is mapped to AQPSK symbol(I,Q) ， I map MS
0 ,Q map MS 1
 α is used for SCPIR between I and Q
152
Q Q
(1,0) (0,0)
Two examples of the

(1,0) (0,0)
AQPSK constellation.
α α α α The subchannel power
I
I distribution is
(1,1) (0,1) illustrated by the length
of the colored vectors
(1,1) (0,1)
Subchannel1 power
SCPIR=
Q>I
Q>I Subchannel2 power Q<I
Q<I

Contents
 Voice Service
 Transmission
 Security
A5/3 Ciphering Algorithm
 Compared with A5/1 and A5/2, A5/3 increases the security of encryption, so as to
reduce the possibility of user’s information being wiretapped and embezzled.
Transmitting Transmitting
end end  A5/3 is a new ciphering algorithm
Frame Kc Frame Kc specified first for UMTS, and now also
number number
defined for GSM in 55.216. It will be used
for circuit switched channels (TCH &
A5 A5
Algorithm Algorithm SDCCH), not with GPRS. The ciphering is
seen as stronger than A5/1 and A5/2.
Encryption sequence Decryption sequence
 This feature requires the support from
CN, BTS and the terminal.
Modulo 2 Modulo 2
plus 1 plus 1
Unencrypted data Unencrypted data



GO - FC3002 - E01 - 1 GSM Basic Feature Package - 157 (With EMS)

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GO - FC3002 - E01 - 1 GSM Basic Feature Package - 157 (With EMS)

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GSM Basic Feature Package

TCH/F TCH/F TCH/F SACCH idle

TCH/H1 TCH/H2 TCH/H1 TCH/H2 SACCH1 TCH/H2 TCH/H2 TCH/H1 SACCH2

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 Activating HR solution achieves fast expansion of wireless network,

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 Three Standards of GSM Digital Voice Channel

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AMR FR 4.75 kbps

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Coding Mode Coding Modulatio

WB-AMR_15.85 15.85 kbit/s 8PSK

WB-AMR_12.65 12.65 kbit/s 8PSK ／

 16k samples/s PSTN

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 This feature allows operators to classify subscribers into different

• The high-priority call is

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SMLC BSC MSC/SGSN

BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented

BSSMAP-LE Connection Oriented

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SMLC SGSN BSS MS

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BSSMAP-LE PERFORM LOCATION

Connection Oriented Information（MS Position

LLC UI FRAME(RRLP Assistance Data

Connection Oriented Information（MS Position

POSITION COMMAND（RRLP Measure

LLC UI FRAME(RRLP Measure Position

POSITION RESPONSE（RRLP Measure

BSSMAP-LE Perform Location Response PERFORM LOCATION RESPONSE

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Signal Call Setup Location SMS services

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