CONCEPT

OF
SYMMETRY
Presented by:
SOUMYA CHAKRABORTY
Sem -1 , BSC (Hons) in Zoology, Roll no. – 228
TDB COLLEGE
 SYMMETRY

• SYMMETRY IN BIOLOGY IS THE BALANCED

ARRANGEMENT OF BODY PARTS OR
SHAPE AROUND A CENTRAL POINT OR
AXIS.
 ASYMMETRY
• NO SUCH SYMMETRY IS FOUND

• IT SHOWS NO DEFINITE
PATTERN IN THE BODY
SYMMETRY

• EXAMPLE – SPONGES AND MOST

ANIMALS OF PHYLLUM PORIFERA ,
ETC.
 SPHERICAL
SYMMETRY
• ANY PLANE PASSES THROUGH
CENTRE ,AND PRODUCES TWO
MIRRORED HALVES.
• NOT FOUND IN KINGDOM
ANIMALIA.
• EXIST IN SOME UNICELLULAR
ORGANISM

• EXAMPLE – PROTOZOANS LIKE VOLVOX,

HELIOZOA, RADIOLARIA , ETC.
 RADIAL
SYMMETRY

• MORE THAN TWO PLANES

PRODUCES MIRRORED
HALVES

• EXAMPLE – CNIDERIANS
( JELLYFISH, SEA ANEMONE, ETC) ,
ECHINODERMS ( SEA URCHIN ,
STAR FISH, ETC )
 BI-RADIAL
SYMMETRY

• IT IS A VARIATION OF
RADIAL SYMMETRY.
• TWO PLANES PRODUCES
MIRRORED HALVES.

• EXAMPLE – CTENOPHORES LIKE

COMB JELLY , ETC.
 BILATERAL
SYMMETRY

• MAJORITY OF ANIMALS SHOWS

BILATERAL SYMMETRY
• A SAGITAL PLANE DIVIDES THE BODY INTO
TWO EQUAL AND IDENTICAL HALVES.
• SHOWS ANTERIOR CEPHALISATION.

• EXAMPLE – MOST VERTEBRATES LIKE HUMANS ,

BUTTERFLY, INSECTS ,EARTHWORM, ETC.
 Asymmetry

TYPES Spherical Symmetry

OF
Radial Symmetry
BIOLOGICAL
SYMMETRY Biradial Symmetry

Bilateral Symmetry
 SIGNIFICANCE OF SYMMETRY
1. The symmetry widely helps in the classification of animals .

2. The equal distribution of body parts and sense organs makes them
better able to react to environmental stimuli coming from all around
their bodies.

3. Helps the organisms to have more visual perception and a more

organized body structure.
THANK YOU