MEE 357: MECHANICS OF MACHINERY

Lecture 7: Velocity and Acceleration Analysis of Mechanisms

 Problem 3
AD = 650 mm, AB = 100 mm, BC = 800 mm, DC = 250 mm, BE=CE, EF = 400 mm, FO = 240 mm,
FS = 400 mm, Angle BAD = 135°. NAB = 300 RPM Clockwise. Find out the velocity of the ram, S.
F
400 S
b
O Q on EF

400
300

B E a, d, o
D
A

• Draw configuration diagram as per given dimensions.

• Speed of crank AB in rpm is given.
• So find out angular velocity of link AB, ω = (2πN) / 60.
• Now find velocity of B with respect to A, Vba = ω x AB.
• Now Vba is perpendicular to AB.
• So, from the fixed points a, d, o draw vector perpendicular to AB & magnitude = Vba.
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Problem 3 F
S

O
r
Q on EF

C b

B E

D
A
a, d, o

• Now velocity of C with respect to B will be perpendicular to BC.

• So from B draw a line perpendicular to BC.

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Problem 3 F
S

O
r
Q on EF

C b

B E

D
A
a, d, o
c

• Now velocity of C with respect to D will be perpendicular to CD.

• So from d draw a line perpendicular to CD.
• Intersection of two velocity vector (1) velocity of C with respect to B & (2) velocity if C
with respect to D will be point c in velocity diagram.

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Problem 3
F
S

O
r
Q on EF

C b

B E e
D
A
a, d, o
c
• Now B, E & C are on single link. So in velocity diagram these three points must be on one
line.
• So take ratio, BE / BC = be / bc.
• BE & BC = dimensions from mechanism, which can be easily measured.
• bc = dimension from velocity diagram, which can be measured.
• So, the value of be can be found out.
• Based on derived value show point e on vector bc in velocity diagram.
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Problem 3
F
S

O
r
Q on EF

C b

B E e
D
A
a, d, o
c

• Now velocity of q with respect to E will be

perpendicular to EQ.
• So from e draw vector perpendicular to EQ.

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Problem 3
F
S

O
r
Q on EF

C b
q
B E e
D
A
a, d, o
c

• Now velocity of Q with respect to O, is parallel to EQ.

• So from o draw a line parallel to EQ.
• Intersection of two vectors (1) velocity of Q with respect to E, (2) velocity of Q with respect to
O, will be point q in velocity diagram.

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Problem 3
F
S

O
r
Q on EF
f
C b
q
B E e
D
A
a, d, o
c
• Now, E, Q & F are on one link.
• So in velocity diagram they must be co-linear.
• So extend line eq & find out point f by ratio as follows:
• eq / ef = EQ / EF.
• EQ & EF can be found out by measurement from configuration diagram.
• eq can be measured from velocity diagram.
• Hence unknown ef can be found out & based on it vector eq can be extended.
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Problem 3
F
S

O
r
Q on EF
f
C b
q
B E e
D
A
a, d, o
c

• Now velocity of S with respect to F will be

perpendicular to SF.
• So from f draw a line perpendicular to SF.

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Problem 3
F
S

O
r
Q on EF
f
C b
q
B E e
D
A s a, d, o
c

• Now velocity of S with respect to fixed point is parallel to velocity of S.

• So from fixed point draw line parallel to velocity of S.
• Intersection of two vectors (1) velocity of S with respect to F & (2) velocity of S with
respect to fixed point will give the point s in velocity diagram.

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 Acceleration Analysis

The change of velocity (pq) has two

components (px and xq) which are mutually
perpendicular,
hence, the rate of change of velocity, that is,
acceleration will also have two mutually
perpendicular components.
If the body moves with a uniform velocity,
then dv/dt=d(w)/dt=α=0; and the body has
only AN Straight path Uniform velocity
If the body moves on a straight path, r is Only tangential Only centripetal
infinite, and v2/r=0; and the body has only acceleration acceleration
AT
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 Acceleration analysis
Graphical method
Consider a rigid link AB. If A is assumed to be fixed then the only possible motion for B is
rotation about A (as the centre).

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THANK YOU

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