Applying the

APA Citation
Module 2.1
 Learning Outcome:

• Apply the APA citation for the

preparation of list of
references/bibliography.
 Citing sources is an integral part of academic and
professional writing which serves the folowing purpose:

01 02 03
To give credit to To promote To help your target
the original author scholarly writing. audience identify
of a work. your original
source.
 Forms of Citation
● In-text citation

● Reference citation
 In-text Citation
 Requires the writer to cite the details of the reference
used in a certain part of his/her essay.

Example paragraph with in-text citation

Two of the three reviewed studies focusing on communication in non-
internet and internet relationships mediated by phone, or email modalities
fount that the frequency of each modality’s use was significantly linked to
the strength of the particular relationship (Cummings et al, 2002).
 Reference Citation
 Refers to the complete bibliographic entries of all
references used by the writer. This appears in the
reference list found at the last part of the paper.

Example:
Cummings, J. N., Butler, B., & Kraut, R. (2002). The quality of online
social relationships. Communications of the ACM 45 (7), 103-108
Guidelines for organizing your reference list:
• Entries should be arranged alphabetically with the
surname of the authors as points of reference.

• The first line of the first entry is not indented while the
succeeding lines are indented.
 Style Guides
1. The Publication Manual of the American
Psychological Association (APA)
2. The Modern Language Association Style
Guide (MLA)
3. Institute of Electrical and Electronic
Engineers (IIEE)
4. American Medical Association Manual of
Style (AMA)
5. The Chicago Manual of Style
 Books
General Format

Author’s surname, Initials (year of

publication). Title of work (set in
italics). Place of Publication:
Publisher.
 Books
Single authored books

Martinez, A. (2008). Creating

memories. Quezon City: Maxwell
Publishers.
 Let’s Try this!
Rhea Reyes
The Working Life: The Promise and Betrayal of Modern Work
New York
Random House
2000.

Reyes, R. (2000). The Working Life: The Promise and

Betrayal of Modern Work. New York: Random House
.
 Books
Books with two authors

Pulido, D., & Mirador, J. (1998).

Academic writing for college
students. Tokyo: Lindell Inc.
 Let’s Try this!
McQueen, Rose Ann and Kussen, Chloe
An introduction to research methods and statistics in psychology.
England
Pearson Prentice Hall
(2006).

McQueen, R. A., & Kussen, C. (2006). An introduction

to research methods and statistics in psychology.
England: Pearson Prentice Hall.
 Books
Books with an editor

Mata, E. (Ed.). (2015). Workplace

ethics: An introduction. Kuala
Lumpur: UPM Press.
 Let’s Try this!
Smith, J. A.
2008
Qualitative psychology: A practical guide to research methods
London
Sage Inc.

Smith, J. A. (Ed.). (2008). Qualitative psychology: A

practical guide to research methods. London: Sage
Inc.
 Books
Books with no author

Cycling primer for beginners. (1989).

Ohio: West and West Publishing.
 Let’s Try this!
Webster's basic English dictionary
Springfield, MA
Merriam-Webster
2000

Webster's basic English dictionary. (2000). Springfield,

MA: Merriam-Webster.
 Periodicals (Journals, Newspaper,
and Magazine)
General Format

Surname of author/s, Initials (year of

publication). Title of the article.
Title of the periodical, volume (issue
numbers), page numbers.
 Periodicals (Journals, Newspaper,
and Magazine)
Journal articles

Valdez, G. (2010). Philippine

perspectives on environmental
politics. Journal of New World
Politics, 8(7), 25-32.
T. F. Pettigrew
Let’s Try this!
(2009)
40(2), 55-65
Secondary transfer effect of contact: Do intergroup contact effects
spread to noncontacted outgroups?
Social Psychology

Pettigrew, T. F. (2009). Secondary transfer effect of

contact: Do intergroup contact effects spread to
noncontacted outgroups? Social Psychology, 40(2),
55-65.
 Periodicals (Journals, Newspaper,
and Magazine)
Magazines

Moore, B. (2001, August). Fashion for

the new decade. Fashion Manila,
35(2), 77.
 Let’s Try this!
Kuttner, Ricky
The great American pension-fund robbery
Business Week
24-26.
2003, September

Kuttner, R. (2003, September). The great American

pension-fund robbery. Business Week, 24-26.
 Periodicals (Journals, Newspaper,
and Magazine)
Newspaper

Severino, P. (2013, October 23).

Creating Possibilities for Muslim
Mindanao. The Metro Monitor, p.17.
 Let’s Try this!
Sam Morris
March 9, 2007
p. 14
Why children become so attached to toys and comfort blankets. The
Guardian

Morris, S. (2007, March 9). Why children become so

attached to toys and comfort blankets. The Guardian,
p.14.
 Online Sources
General Format

Author, Initials or Institution. (date of

retrieval). Title of work. Retrieved
from Web site.
 Online Sources
General Format

Greenworks. (May 4, 2014). Methods

of extraction of minerals. Retrieved
from
www.greenworks/methods.html.
 Let’s Try this!
1993
Browning, Ted
A brief historical survey of women writers of science fiction.
http://www.cwrl.utexas.edu/~tonya/Tonya/sf/history.html

Browning, T. (1993). A brief historical survey of women

writers of science fiction. Retrieved from
http://www.cwrl.utexas.edu/~tonya/Tonya/sf/history.h
tml
Activity: Applying the APA citation

Get a paper and a pen then write the

numbers 1 to 15.
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10

11 12 13 14 15
Thankyou!