Changing Trends

in Occupation in Present Scenario

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 Introduction
Development in technology and Industrialization has opened opportunities
in Occupation. Creation of new Jobs and vanishing of many has been
resulted due to development in technology. In this Presentation we will
know more about it.

TECHNOLOGY
History of Technology
Paleolithic, Neolithic, Medieval Periods
 Paleolithic Age
Introduction
The use of tools by early humans was partly a process of discovery and of evolution. Tool
use remained relatively unchanged for most of early human history.. E.g. stone tools and
fire
I
Stone Tools
Hominids started using primitive stone tools millions of years ago. The
earliest stone tools were little more than a fractured rock, but
approximately 75,000 years ago, [25] pressure flaking provided a way to

S C
make much finer work

Fire
The discovery and use of fire, a simple energy source with many profound
uses, was a turning point in the technological evolution of humankind. Fire,
fueled with wood and charcoal, allowed early humans to cook their food to
increase its digestibility, improving its nutrient value

Clothing and Shelter

Other technological advances made during the Paleolithic era were clothing and
shelter; the adoption of both technologies cannot be dated exactly, but they were a key
F
to humanity's progress. As the Paleolithic era progressed, dwellings became more
sophisticated and more elaborate; as early as 380 ka, humans were constructing
temporary wood huts.
Neolithic Age
Introduction
01 Human's technological ascent began in earnest in what is
known as the Neolithic Period.

Metal Tools
02 Continuing improvements led to the furnace and bellows and provided,
for the first time, the ability to smelt and forge gold, copper, silver,
and lead – native metals found in relatively pure form in nature.

Energy and transport

03 Meanwhile, humans were learning to harness other forms of energy. The
earliest known use of wind power is the sailing ship; the earliest record of
a ship under sail is that of a Nile boat dating to the 8th-millennium BCE.

Plumbing
04 Ancient Minoan private homes had running water. Several
Minoan private homes also had toilets, which could be flushed
by pouring water down the drain. construction began on it in the
sixth century BCE and it is still in use today.
 Modern/Medieval Period
300 CE- Present
Innovations continued 19 C
th The Card Catalog
Technique
through the Middle Ages with
innovations such as silk-
manufacture

18th C tion
The horse collar and horseshoes in the first few Automobile Inven-
hundred years after the 5th-century fall of the
Roman Empire. Medieval technology saw the use
of simple machines (such as the lever, the screw,
and the pulley) being combined to form more
complicated tools, such as the wheelbarrow,
17 C th Use of Paper cur-
windmills and clocks, and a system of universities rency
developed and spread scientific ideas and
practices. The Renaissance era produced many
innovations, including the printing press (which
facilitated the communication of knowledge), and
15 C
th Invention of Printing
technology became increasingly associated with
press
science, beginning a cycle of mutual advancement.
Advances in technology in this era allowed a more
reliable supply of food, followed by the wider
availability of consumer goods.

6th C Discovery of Electricity

Your Picture Here
Comparison of Occupational Structure
Of Mughal Period, British Period and Modern Indian Period
Occupational Structure Mughal Period
Economy
Land was the most important source of national income, the vast majority
of population being dependent on agriculture. The importance of irrigation
was understood as can be seen from the tanks and canals constructed by
the Mughal rulers.

Industry
There was hardly an important city where cotton cloth was not
manufactured. Next came the manufacture of silk cloth. Here too, Bengal
figured prominently as the premier production

Foreign Trade
During the greater part of the Mughal period, India has an active and
considerable foreign trade with different countries of Asia and Europe.
Traders from all the world over visited her shores for trade in her
manufactures.

Currency and Prices

Since the time of Akbar, the units of currency had been the gold mohur
and the silver rupee, both being equal in weight, and common measure of
value which circulated without any fixed ratio of exchange between them.
In south India, pagoda, the coin of ancient Hindu kings, was the standard
of value and also the medium of exchange.
Occupational Structure
during British Rule

Drastic change in Occupational Structure from Mughals

The colonial exploitation forced India to transform from
a country of combined agricultural and manufacturing
activities to a colony fulfilling Britain’s interests. The
Colonials carried out a decentralization of the Indian
industries. This forced India to become a mere exporter
of raw materials to Britain.
The Indian economy under colonial rule became
primarily agrarian. The workforce was diverted towards
tea, indigo and coffee plantations. People left with no
other option after the downfall of industrial sector either
flocked to these plantations or were forced by the
colonials to do so. Evidently, the agricultural sector
accounted for the largest share of the workforce which
was around 70-75%. The manufacturing and the
services sectors accounted for only 10 and 15-20
percent respectively.

ECONOMY
Occupational Structure of India
01 02
Green Revolution Occupational Distribution
In contrast, Green The occupational structure
in India in tilted towards the
Revolution of 1960-70
primary sector. Over the
brought significant
last 80 years, the
changes. It was a govt.
proportion of working force
program of agricultural
engaged in primary
modernization. It was
occupations remained very
largely funded by agencies
steady, i.e., around 70 per
that was based on
cent and that in secondary
providing high-yielding
and tertiary sector was
variety (HYV) seeds.
ranging between 28 to 30
per cent only.
03 4
Failure of O.S.
1951-2000
All the technological 1. Indian planners failed to
make any serious
changes in agriculture
attempt for the
along-with land reforms
development of rural
measures were introduced
economy
in India in order to increase
2. Land reforms in India
agricultural production and
failed miserably to
productivity. On the other
realize its goal
hand, to change the
3. The high rate of growth
occupational structure in
of labor force is also an
India, importance of
important factor which
designing a suitable
employment policy was felt. has been creating
serious drags
Major Indian Industries in Modern Period

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TATA Group Reliance Group Godrej Group Murugappa Group

Jamshedji Tata Dhirubhai Ambani Ardeshir Godrej AMM Murrugappa
Factors Affecting Choosing the Job

1. Parents’ Desire/Parental 4. Affordability

Pressure

2. Past Performance 5. Placements

3. Potential 6. Personality Driven

 Summary
Changing trends in Occupation in Occupation is an act for which you are
being paid. The trends in technology
Present Scenario keeps changing with involvement of new
OCCUPATION technologies as we have seen so far.
The best way to choose a desired
occupation is to go to a field where you
have excellence. Excellence brings
Success
Thank You