CW1: Industrial Data Flows and Modelling.

7ENT1125-0901-2023 Smart Manufacturing

Nazeer Butt
Introduction to ISA 95
• The development of the ISA 95 standard started in 1995
• The standard is entitled “Enterprise-Control System Integration
• indicates, how Enterprise/Business systems should be integrated with
Manufacturing and Control systems.
• ISA-95 standard is used, which proposes models and consistent
definitions of manufacturing and production information

Source :He et al 2012

 ISA 95 Architecture
• ISA 95 is based upon the hierarchical structure presented in the The
Purdue Enterprise Reference Architecture (PERA)
• This hierarchy defines 4 different levels

Business Manufacturin

Level 0
Level 4

Level 3

Level 2

Level 1
Planning and g
Logistics and Operations process
this is where and Control control
activities like sensors production
level e.g.
plant production
systems and process
production dispatching, actuators
scheduling,
operations detailed
management production
scheduling,
reliability
assurance
Source :The Purdue Enterprise Reference Architecture

Source :He et al 2012

 Key Aspects Related To The Operator Layer ISA-95 Level 2
Operator Layer Overview:
• Multi-layer structure responsible for virtualizing hardware components.
• Exposes functionalities as "Services" in an Information Infrastructure.
• Transforms shop floor components from the Stub Layer into Service-oriented
components.
Service-Based Structure:
• Represents automation and control functions as services.
• Offers different Operators covering functions like Monitoring, Control, SCADA, etc.
• Enables the highest abstraction degree for shop floor components.
Automation Service Cloud:
• Allows populating an Automation Service Cloud.
• Automation functions exposed as web services.
• Result of virtualization, facilitating accessibility and interoperability.
Characteristics of SoA-Infrastructure:
• Implements composition and orchestration of services.
• Enables Emergent behaviors and functions not initially present in manufacturing
components.
• Facilitates features like simulation, energy-efficient management, etc.
Migrating ISA’95-Compliant Architectures:
• Addresses the need for virtualization and migration to a Service-Oriented
Architecture.
• Operator 2.0 is a specific approach for performing this migration.
• Allows for a seamless transition from traditional ISA-95 to a more flexible and Nagorny, K et al 2012
dynamic SoA-based infrastructure.
 Key Practices in ISA 95 in managing
complex data
Practice Brief Citation
integration harmonizes diverse sources, unifying for streamlined, efficient
Data Integration (Standardization) Moones et al, 2015
operations.

Every information flow (containing the objects and their attributes) can be
supports lean philophsy exchanged without delay or translation requirements.combination between the Unver, Hakki Ozgur. (2012)
Lean Production System and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

Security Measures Implement robust security measures to protect sensitive manufacturing data. D. Zuehlke 2010 ;S. Mantravadi, 2020

Design a scalable data infrastructure capable of handling increasing volumes of

Scalable Infrastructure Kemppainen, 2016
data.

Implement systems for real-time data acquisition from the shop floor to higher- cottyn.J et al 2008 ; Goddard Ronald W
Real-Time Data Acquisition
level enterprise systems 2003
Benefits of ISA 95
• Business Benefits:
• Significant business advantages from business to manufacturing integration.
• Benefits contingent on alignment with defined business needs.
• Functional Support:
• Supports Available To Promise (ATP) processes.
• Facilitates Activity Based Costing (ABC) implementation.
• Enables reduction of in-work inventory.
• Supply Chain Optimization:
• Contributes to the optimization of supply chain processes.
• Standardization Framework:
• The ANSI/ISA-95 Enterprise/Control System Integration standards offer a robust model for integration.
• Application to Projects:
• Provides a framework applicable to internal integration projects.
• Technology Integration Assistance:
• Development of XML schemas to aid in technology integration.
Brandl, D., 2002
Use case diagram

• The use case diagram illustrates

story of the process from the users
view and the interaction of the
users (actors) with them the
system
• Components of a use case
diagram :
• System: depicts the scope of the
use case
• Use case(functions provided by the
system)
• Relationship: these are mode of
communication between actors source : icodeguru.com
Use case Diagram for University lab RFID
Key Takeaways of use case
• Emphasize the importance of designing systems, processes, or products with a
focus on meeting the needs and expectations of the end-users.
• how well-defined and efficient interactions contribute to the smooth
functioning of the system
• how the system aligns with relevant regulations and compliance standards,
ensuring a secure and trustworthy environment
• the strategies in place for identifying, communicating, and resolving issues,
emphasizing how a robust error-handling mechanism contributes to user
satisfaction and system reliability.
• The network association and linkages as what triggers what use case or action.
• The parent and child role of actors
References
• Brandl, D., 2002. Business to manufacturing (B2M) collaboration between business and manufacturing using ISA-95. Revue De L Electricite Et De L Electronique,
(8), pp.46-52.
• Nagorny, K., Colombo, A.W. and Schmidtmann, U., 2012. A service-and multi-agent-oriented manufacturing automation architecture: An IEC 62264 level 2
compliant implementation. Computers in Industry, 63(8), pp.813-823.
• He, D., Lobov, A. and Lastra, J.M., 2012. ISA-95 tool for enterprise modeling. Proceeding of ICONS, pp.83-87.
• Cottyn, J., Stockman, K. and Van Landeghem, H., 2008. The Complementarity of Lean Thinking and the ISA 95 standard. In WBF 2008: Bridging the Divide between
IT and Manufacturing.
• Goddard Ronald W., The Role of Information Technology in the Lean Enterprise, IE 780S, Spring 2003
• Unver, Hakki Ozgur. (2012). An ISA-95-based manufacturing intelligence system in support of lean initiatives. The International Journal of Advanced
Manufacturing Technology. 65. 10.1007/s00170-012-4223-z.
• Unver, H.O. An ISA-95-based manufacturing intelligence system in support of lean initiatives. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 65, 853–866 (2013). https://
doi.org/10.1007/s00170-012-4223-z
• Govindaraju, Rajesri & lukman, kristianto & Chandra, Dissa. (2014). Manufacturing Execution System Design Using ISA-95. Advanced Materials Research. 980. 248-
252. 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.980.248.
• Ikram, Waqas & Thornhill, Nina. (2010). Wireless communication in process automation: A survey of opportunities, requirements, concerns and challenges. IET
Seminar Digest. 2010. 1-6. 10.1049/ic.2010.0328.

• Kemppainen, Pasi. (2016). Pharma Industrial Internet: A Reference Model Based on 5G Public Private Partnership Infrastructure, Industrial Internet Consortium
Reference Architecture and Pharma Industry Standards. Nordic and Baltic Journal of Information and Communications Technologies. 2016. 141-162.
10.13052/nbjict1902-097X.2016.008.
• Moones, E., Vosgien, T., Kermad, L., Dafaoui, E.M., El Mhamedi, A. and Figay, N., 2015. PLM standards modelling for enterprise interoperability: a manufacturing
case study for ERP and MES systems integration based on ISA-95. In Enterprise Interoperability: 6th International IFIP Working Conference, IWEI 2015, Nîmes,
France, May 28-29, 2015, Proceedings 6 (pp. 157-170). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.