Conductors and Insulators

Conductors
are materials that allow electricity to flow freely
through them. They have comparatively free-moving
electric charges (electrons) inside the material.
Conductors include metals, human and animal bodies,
and the ground itself.
 Applications of Conductor
Conductors are quite handy in a variety of situations. They’re useful in a
variety of situations. As an example,
• Mercury is a frequent component of thermometers used to measure body
temperature.
• Aluminum is used in the manufacture of food-storage foils. It’s also used to
make fry pans that can hold heat for a long time.
• Iron is a typical heat-conducting material used in car engine production.
• The iron plate is made of steel to quickly absorb heat.
• Conductors are used in automobile radiators to transfer heat away from the
engine.
Examples of Conductors
• Silver is the most effective conductor of electricity. However, because
silver is expensive, it is not used in industry or for energy
transmission.
• Copper, brass, steel, gold, and aluminum are excellent electrical
conductors. In the shape of wires, we use them in electric circuits and
systems.
• Mercury is a great conductor of liquids. As a result, this material is
used in a variety of instruments.
Insulators
Most non-metals, such as glass, porcelain, plastic,
nylon, and wood, have a high resistance to the
transmission of electricity. They are called insulators.
Insulators are materials that prevent electrons from
freely flowing from one element’s particle to another.
Applications of Insulators
• Insulators are used all around the world because they prevent electron
flow. Among the most common applications are:
• Thermal insulators prevent heat from moving from one location to
another. As a result, they’re used to making thermoplastic bottles.
They’re also utilized to fireproof walls and ceilings.
• Sound insulators are useful for controlling noise levels since they absorb
sound well. As a result, we employ them to make buildings and
conference spaces noise-free.
• Electrical insulators obstruct electron flow and current flow via them. As
a result, we frequently utilize them in circuit boards and high-voltage
systems. Electric wire and cables are also coated with them.
Examples of Insulators
• Because of its high resistivity, glass is the best insulator.
• Plastic is a good insulator and is used to make a variety of
items.
• Rubber is commonly utilized in the manufacture of tyres,
fire-resistant clothing, and shoes. This is due to the fact that it
is an excellent insulator.
 CONDUCTOR
A conductor is a material that
permits current to flow freely
through it.
Electric charge exists on the
surface of conductors.
Conductors don’t store energy
when kept in a magnetic field.
The thermal conductivity ( heat
allowance) of a conductor is very
high.
The resistance of a conductor is
very low.
INSULATOR
Insulators prevent current from
flowing through them.
Electric charges are absent in the
insulator.
Insulators store energy when kept
in a magnetic field.
The thermal conductivity of an
insulator is very low.
The resistance of the insulator is
very high.
Nail
Piece of card
Ball
Key
Tin can Metal rod
Steel Coin
Rubber band Metal spoon
Crayon Paper
Plastic spoon
Plastic string