COMPUTER

MEMORY
HIERARCHY
 INTRODUCTION
Computer memory hierarchy refers to organization
of data storage in a computer. It is important to
understand the hierarchy to optimize computer
performance.
 MEMORY HIERARCHY

Primary Storage Secondary Storage

Remote
Main Magnetic Magnetic Secondary
Registers Caches
Memory Disk Tape Storage
(Internet)

Bytes Kb/Mb GB SSD GB TB PB/TB

 Some key takeaway about
memory hierarchy :
• Different levels of memory hierarchy have different
speeds, capacities and costs.
• Up to down memory hierarchy has slow speed, high capacity
and low cost.
• Down to up memory hierarchy has high speed , low capacity
and high cost
REGISTERS
Registers are the smallest and fastest
memory units in a computer . They
are located inside the CPU and store
data that the CPU is currently
processing.
CACHE MEMORY
Cache memory is a small , fast memory unit
that stores frequenty used data . It is located
between the CPU and main memory and
helps to reduce the time it takes to access
data .
 MAIN MEMORY

Main memory is the primary memory unit of

computer . It stores data that CPU needs to access
frequently or data that is currently being processed. It
is slower than cache memory but faster than
secondary storage.
SOLID STATE DRIVES
Solid state drives (SSDs) are a type of secondary
storage that use flash memory to store data. They are
faster and more reliable than traditional hard disk drives
but are more expensive.
HARD DISK DRIVES
Hard disk drives(HDDs) are a type of secondary
storage that use spinning disks to store data. They
are slower than SSDs but are less expensive and
have larger storage capacities.
OPTICAL DRIVES
Optical drives are type of secondary storage that
use lasers to read and write data on optical discs
such as CDs, DVDs, and Bluray discs. They are
slower than HDDs and SSDs but are useful for
storing large amounts of data.
FLASH DRIVES
Flash drives are a type of portable secondary
storage that use flash memory to store data.
They are small, lightweight, and easy to use.
They are slower than SSDs but faster than
optical drives.
 CONCLUSION
Understanding the computer memory hierarchy is
essential for optimizing computer performance. By
using the right type of memory at the right time ,
we can improve the speed and efficiency of our
computers.
 THANKS!
Pragati Gupta (2300100908)
Rashmi Mehla (22001003088)