Basic Web

Concepts
Web Design Terminology

• Network  Collection of computers and

devices connected together via
communications devices and
media

• Internet  is a world wide collection of

computers interconnected to one
another
• WWW (World Wide Web) known as
the “web” is a collection of
resources and information
interconnected via the internet.

• Web Page  is a formatted page within a

web site that may contain text,
graphics, video and multimedia.
 can be viewed using a Web
Browser
• Home page  the first web page of a
website

• Splash page  may precede the home

page.
 may contain multimedia
which is attractive
Types of Internet Connection

• Dial – up  also known as Analog

• DSL (Direct Subscriber Line)
• Cable Internet
• Wireless Internet
• Dedicated line
– T1 - 1.544 Mbps speed
– T3 - 43 to 45 Mbps. speed
• Satellite Internet
Kinds of Web Browser

• Internet Explorer
• Mozilla Firefox
• Safari
• Google Chrome
• Opera
• Netscape Navigator
• Flock
Basic Web Design
Principles
• Balance
• Proximity
• White Spaces
• Contrast
• Focus
• Unity
• Alignment
Essential Elements of Web
Contents

• Accuracy
• Readability
• Understandable
• Concise
• Ethical and Legal
Planning Your Website

1. Create the goal or purpose of web site

2. Identify the primary target audience
3. Plan the content of the web site
4. Plan and organize the site structure
• Linear Structure
• Hierarchical Structure
5. Plan the web pages details
6. Planning and designing the navigation
scheme
7. Planning and gathering your resources
 *Kinds of Web browsers
and its important features
 Web Browsers
 A software application for retrieving, presenting
and traversing information resources on the World
Wide Web.

 An information resource is identified by a Uniform

Resource Identifier/Locator (URI/URL) and may
be a web page, image, video or other piece of
content.

 Hyperlinks present in resources enable users easily

to navigate their browsers to related resources.
 Although browsers are primarily intended to
use the World Wide Web, they can also be
used to access information provided by web
servers in private networks or files in file
systems.

Web Browsers
 Web Browsers
 The major web browsers are :
 Firefox
 Internet Explorer
 Google Chrome
 Purpose of Web Browsers
The primary purpose of a web browser is:

 Bring information resources to the user

( "retrieval" or "fetching“ )

 Allowing them to view the information

( "display", "rendering“ )

 Access other information

( "navigation", "following links“ ).
 Using a Web Browser

 This process begins when the user inputs a

Uniform Resource Locator (URL), for
example http://en.wikipedia.org/ , into the
browser.

 The prefix of the URL, the Uniform

Resource Identifier or URI, determines how
the URL will be interpreted.
 Using a Web Browser
 The most commonly used kind of URI starts
with http: and identifies a resource to be
retrieved over the Hypertext Transfer
Protocol (HTTP).

 Many browsers also support a variety of

other prefixes, such as https: for HTTPS,
ftp: for the File Transfer Protocol, and
file: for local files.
 Web Browsers User Interface Elements

 Back and forward buttons to go back to

the previous resource and forward
respectively.

 A refresh or reload button to reload the

current resource.

 A stop button to cancel loading the

resource. In some browsers, the stop button
is merged with the reload button.
 Web Browsers User Interface Elements

 A home button to return to the user's home

page.

 An address bar to input the Uniform

Resource Identifier (URI) of the desired
resource and display it.

 A search bar to input terms into a search

engine. In some browsers, the search bar is
merged with the address bar.
 Web Browsers User Interface Elements

 A status bar to display progress in loading

the resource and also the URI of links when
the cursor hovers over them, and page
zooming capability.

 The viewport, the visible area of the

webpage within the browser window.

 The ability to view the HTML source for a

page.
 Security Features of Web Browsers

 Most browsers support HTTP

Secure and offer quick and easy
ways to delete the web cache,
cookies, and browsing history.
 Security Features of Web Browsers
 Early web browsers supported only a very simple
version of HTML.

 The rapid development of proprietary web

browsers led to the development of non-standard
dialects of HTML, leading to problems with
interoperability.

 Modern web browsers support a combination of

standards-based and de facto HTML and
XHTML, which should be rendered in the same way
by all browsers.
 Web Browsers
 The major web browsers are :
 Firefox
 Internet Explorer
 Google Chrome
 Internet Explorer
 Internet Explorer (formerly Microsoft
Internet Explorer and Windows Internet
Explorer, commonly abbreviated IE or
MSIE).

 A series of graphical web browsers

developed by Microsoft and included as part
of the Microsoft Windows line of operating
systems, starting in 1995.
 Internet Explorer

 It was first released as part of the add-on

package Plus! for Windows 95 that year.

 Later versions were available as free

downloads, or in service packs, and included
in the Original Equipment Manufacturer
(OEM) service releases of Windows 95 and
later versions of Windows.
 Internet Explorer
 Internet Explorer is one of the most widely
used web browsers, attaining a peak of about
95% usage share during 2002 and 2003.

 It’s usage share has since declined with the

launch of Firefox (2004) and Google Chrome
(2008), and with the growing popularity of
operating systems such as OS X, Linux and
Android that do not run Internet Explorer.
 Internet Explorer

 From January 12, 2016, only the most

recent version of Internet Explorer on
each operating system will be supported,
depending on operating system it will be IE
11 or could be down to IE 9 for older
Windows versions.
 Mozilla Firefox

 A free and open-source web

browser developed for Windows,
OS X, and Linux, with a mobile
version for Android, by the
Mozilla Foundation and its
subsidiary, the Mozilla
Corporation.
 Mozilla Firefox
 As of February 2014, Firefox has between
12% and 22% of worldwide usage, making it,
per different sources, the third most
popular web browser.

 According to Mozilla, Firefox counts over

450 million users around the world.
 Mozilla Firefox
 The browser has had particular success in
Indonesia, Iran, Germany, and Poland, where
it is the most popular browser with 55%,
46%, 43%, and 41% of the market share,
respectively.
 Mozilla Firefox
Features include:
 tabbed browsing
 spell checking
 incremental find
 live bookmarking
 smart Bookmarks
 download manager
 private browsing
 location-aware browsing
 Mozilla Firefox

 Because Firefox generally has fewer

publicly known unpatched security
vulnerabilities than Internet Explorer
improved security is often cited as a reason
to switch from Internet Explorer to
Firefox.
 Google Chrome
 Google Chrome is a freeware
web browser developed by
Google.

 It was first released as a beta

version for Microsoft Windows
on September 2, 2008, and as a
stable public release on
December 11, 2008.
 Google Chrome
 As of July 2014, StatCounter estimates
that Google Chrome has a 45% worldwide
usage share of web browsers, indicating
that it is the most widely used web browser
in the world.
 Google releases the majority of Chrome's
source code as an open-source project
Chromium.
 A notable component that is not open
source is the built-in Adobe Flash Player.
Google Chrome
 Google Chrome aims to be
secure, fast, simple and stable.

 There are extensive

differences from its peers in
Chrome's minimalistic user
interface, which is a typical of
modern web browsers.
 Google Chrome
 One of Chrome's strengths is its:
Application performance and JavaScript
processing speed, both of which were
independently verified by multiple websites to
be the swiftest among the major browsers of
its time.
 Features Google Chrome
 One prominent features of it is a graphical
user interface (GUI) innovation, the
merging of the address bar and search
bar (the Omnibox).
 Features Google Chrome
 Chrome allows users to synchronize their
bookmarks, history, and settings across all
devices with the browser installed by
sending and receiving data through a
chosen Google Account, which in turn
updates all signed-in instances of Chrome.

 This can be authenticated either through

Google credentials, or a sync passphrase.
 Google Chrome Security
 Chrome periodically retrieves updates of
two blacklists, and warns users when they
attempt to visit a site Chrome sees as
potentially harmful.

 This service is also made available for use

by others via a free public API called
"Google Safe Browsing API".
 Google Chrome Malware blocking

 Google introduced download scanning

protection in Chrome 17.

 Chrome tries to prevent malware with

Sandboxing.

 The Sandbox monitors each and every

webpage tab separately.
 Google Chrome Malware blocking

 When the user opens a malicious website,

Chrome contains the malware in an area
called a sandbox.

 The other tabs that the user has open are

unaffected.
 Google Chrome Malware blocking

 When the user closes the bad page, the

malware goes with it leaving other tabs and
the computer unaffected.

 Chrome also automatically updates to the

latest security features to maximize user
protection from malware.
 Google Chrome Privacy
 The private browsing feature called
Incognito mode - prevents the browser from
permanently storing any history information
or cookies from the websites visited.

 Incognito mode is similar to the private

browsing feature in other web browsers.