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Module IV Earthquake Hazards
Module IV Earthquake Hazards
INACTIVE VOLCANO
ACTIVE VOLCANO
EPICENTER
Earthquake
Generators:
Active Faults
And
Trenches
Active, Inactive and
Potentially Active
Volcanoes of the
Philippines
• more than 300 volcanoes
• 23 considered active
(with recorded eruption
or latest eruption <10000 years)
• 26 potentially active
• 278 inactive
Active Volcanoes in the Philippines
Most natural
earthquakes are
caused by sudden
slippage along a fault
zone.
Earthquake
Failure of buildings
due to inferior design,
poor construction, or
weak foundation
cause people harm or
death.
Earthquake Hazards
GROUND RUPTURE
Deformation on the
ground that marks
the interaction of the
fault with the earth’s
surface
Effects: Fissuring,
displacement of the
ground due to the
movement of the fault
Earthquake Hazards
GROUND SHAKING
Disruptive up, down
and sideways
vibration of the ground
during an earthquake.
Effects: Damage or
collapse of structure;
may consequently
cause hazards such
as liquefaction and
landslide
Earthquake Hazards
LIQUEFACTION
Phenomenon wherein
sediments, especially
near bodies of water,
behave like liquid
similar to a quick sand
Effects: Sinking
and/or tilting of
structure above it;
sandboil; fissuring
Earthquake Hazards
EARTHQUAKE-INDUCED LANDSLIDE
Downslope movement
of rocks, soil and
other debris
commonly triggered
by strong shaking
Effects: Erosion;
burial and blockage of
roads and rivers
Earthquake Hazards
TSUNAMI
Series of waves
caused commonly by
an earthquake under
the sea
Effects: Flooding;
coastal erosion;
drowning of people
and damage to
properties
End of Module