ZXPOS CNA Introduction

ZTE University
Contents

 Coverage related test data analysis

 Service related test data analysis
 Setting event to locate fault point
 CPICH RSCP analysis

 CPICH RSCP is the pilot channel power received by UE. It is

the main indicator to measure the downlink coverage.
Generally, we setting different threshold to different region in
the initial phase. During optimization, we test the RSCP
whether reach the threshold or not. If RSCP is lower than the
threshold, we must improve the coverage by RF optimization.

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 CPICH RSCP category

CPICH RSCP (dBm) Coverage Remark

Level
RSCP  -105 Level 6 Poor coverage, service can not be initiated

-105  RSCP  -95 Level 5 Poor coverage. Outdoor Service can be initiated, but call
success rate will very low, call drop rate will be very high.
Indoor service can not be initiated.
-95  RSCP  -85 Level 4 Normal coverage. Outdoor service can be initiated, low
speed data service can be initiated. But indoor service the
call success rate will be low, call drop rate will be high.
-85  RSCP  -75 Level 3 Good coverage. Both outdoor or indoor can initiated
various service. Outdoor will get medium speed and
indoor will get low speed data service.
-75< RSCP -65 Level 2 Better coverage. Both outdoor or indoor can initiated
various service. Outdoor will get high speed and indoor
will get medium speed data service.

RSCP >-65 Level 1 Excellent coverage

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 CPICH RSCP analysis

(a)
(a)UE
UEtest
test layer
layerselection
selection

(b)
(b)Scanner
Scannertest
testlayer
layerselection
selection

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 CPICH Ec/Io category

 CPICH Ec/Io is also the main indicator to measure the downlink coverage.
WCDMA is a self – interference system, Coverage is up to CPICH RSCP and EC/IO.

CPICH Ec/Io （ d Quality Remark

B） Level
Ec/Io  -15 Level 7 Very poor quality. Service can not be initiated
-15 Ec/Io  -13 Level 6 Poor quality. Low call success rate, high call
drop rate.
-13 Ec/Io  -11 Level 5 Poor quality, Support low speed data service
and bad quality voice call.
-11 Ec/Io  -9 Level 4 Normal quality. Support low speed data
service and normal quality voice call.
-9 Ec/Io  -7 Level 3 Good quality, Support medium speed data
service and good quality voice call.
-7  Ec/Io  -5 Level 2 Better quality. Support high speed data
service.
Ec/Io  -5 Level 1 Excellent quality. Support high speed data
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 CPICH Ec/Io analysis

(a)
(a)UE
UEtest
testlayer
layer
selection
selection
(b)
(b)Scanner
Scannertest
testlayer
layerselection
selection

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 CPICH Best SC analysis

 Best Sc means best serving cell. By analyze best SC, you can get
the cell coverage area. CNA Defined 2 methods to analyze Best
Sc ， One is based on Ec/Io, other is based on RSCP.

(a)
(a)UE
UEteat
teatlayer
layer
selection
selection

(b)
(b)Scanner
Scannertest
testlayer
layerselection
selection

Via
Via analyze
analyze the
the best
best serving
serving cell
cell ,, you
you will
will easily
easily to
to locate
locate the
the problem
problem such
such as
as
overshoot
overshoot coverage,
coverage, missing
missing neighbor
neighbor cell,
cell, unreasonable
unreasonable handover
handover area
area and
and
Feeder cable cross connection
Feeder cable cross connection

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 CPICH Best SC analysis

 Overshoot coverage
 Overshoot coverage will cause the problem such as pilot pollution,
frequently handover, call failure and call drop problem.

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 CPICH Best SC analysis

 Missing neighbor cell

 Missing neighbor cell will cause the problem such as call
drop, cell congestion etc.

Method 1 ： UE CPICH best SC compared with the Scanner CPICH
best SC .

Before call drop, if the EC/IO of UE active set Best SC is low, the
EC/IO of Scanner Best SC is excellent. At the same time the
Scanner best SC scrambling code is not including in the
Measurement signaling send by RNC, That’s missing neighbor
cell.

Method 2 ： Replay the driving test data, if one cell the EC/IO is
excellent for a longtime, but always stay in detect set, can not
enter active set, that’s missing neighbor cell.

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 CPICH Best SC analysis

 Unreasonable handover area.

 This situation also will cause call drop and handover failure.
 Method ： UE CPICH best SC compared with the Scanner CPICH best SC .Before
call drop, if the EC/IO of UE active set Best SC is low, the EC/IO of Scanner Best
SC is excellent. At the same time the Scanner best SC scrambling code is
including in the Measurement signaling send by RNC, That’s may be
unreasonable handover area.

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 Pilot pollution analysis

 Pilot pollution means that all the signals strength in the test area
are almost the same. (All strong or weak). Generally, all the pilot
channels RSCP is good enough, but EC/IO is weak. Now most
WCDMA equipment support 3 cells in active set. So, if in 1 area, if
over 3 signals the EC/IO is similar, means the signals in the active
will suffer from interference.
 The reason is due to unreasonable coverage planning. Such as
overshoot coverage, Ring shape distribution of site location,
wave guide effect, signal reflection etc. Pilot pollution will cause
low call success rate, handover failure, loss of capacity, call drop
etc.

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 Pilot pollution analysis
 CNA defines 2 arithmetic to analyze pilot pollution. Click Tools->Analysis
Parameter Setup , you can setup the parameter.
 2 different arithmetic, the parameters also different, so the result also may be
different. When analyze pilot pollution, you should combined this 2 arithmetic, to
locate the problem.

 Arithmetic 1 is related to number of signals in 1 area. Arithmetic 2 is related to the

timing delay of different signals.
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 Pilot pollution analysis

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 Pilot pollution analysis

 Pilot pollution solution

 Adjust antenna parameter
 Adjust handover parameter (May be will cause handover slow
or failure)
 Adjust the power parameter

ncrease or decrease the cell transmit power.

Disadvantage ：
– If increase the pilot channel output power, SCH, PCH channel the
transmit power also will be increase, may be the traffic channel
transmit power will be decrease.
– If decrease the pilot channel transmit power, the signal will be weak,
may be the call quality will be decrease. So it’s not recommend to
decrease the pilot channel transmit power.
 Add new site

Notice:
– Please verify the result, ensure the old problem be solved and not
generate new problem.

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 UE TX power category

 UE TX Power is UE transmit power ， it’s main indicator to

measure the uplink coverage. When UE transmit the maximum
power, but Node B still can not receive or decode the signal
correctly, will occur call drop.

UE TX power dBm ） Level Remark

TX >21 Level 6 Very poor
coverage
21≥ TX >10 Level 5 Poor coverage
10≥ TX >0 Level 4 Normal coverage
0≥ TX >-10 Level 3 Good coverage
-10≥ TX >-20 Level 2 Better coverage
-20≥ TX Level 1 Excellent coverage

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 UE TX power analysis

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 UE TX power analysis

 Reasons and solution of weak coverage on uplink ：

 Bad radio environment

Combine with CPICH RSCP analysis, If RSCP also low, the reason must be
weak coverage. The problem can be solved by adjust the engineering
parameter, or cell transmit power, or add new site.
 Uplink interference

Downlink CPICH RSCP is excellent, but uplink UE TX power is too high.Can
be located by check the TCP and RTWP alarm. If TCP is not high, but
RTWP very high, means uplink suffer from interference. Check the
interference or antenna and feeder cable.
 Heavy traffic load

Too many user, Both TCP and RTWP is very high. Balance the traffic to
solve the problem.
 Large coverage area

Caused by path unbalance , Add TMA to increase uplink receive
sensibility.

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 Coverage rate analysis

 Samples RSCP≥X and Ec/Io ≥Y, These sample are the eligible samples
 Click Tools->Analysis Parameter Setup, you can setup the parameters .

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 Coverage rate analysis

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 DL BLER analysis
 Definition ： Downlink block error rate. BLER=Error blocks/Total transmitted
blocks. It’s the main indicator to measure the transmit quality.
 Effect ： The higher the BLER is, The more retransmitted blocks are, the longer
timing delay is. For voice service, the call quality will be decrease. For data service,
the throughput will be decrease.
 Service requirements ：
 Voice service BLER<1%
 Real-time data service BLER<0.1%
 Non-real-time data service BLER<10%

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Contents

 Coverage related test data analysis

 Service related test data analysis
 Setting event to locate fault point
 Service related test data analysis

 Service related test data analysis means get the

network KPI by statistic the Uu interface signaling. This
KPI used to reflect the network performance. Compare
with OMC, you just can get less KPI from DT, and the
KPI limited by time and test route.
 KPI category
 Call setup and maintain KPI
 Timing delay KPI

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 Call setup and maintain KPI
 RRC connection setup success rate.
 Means
 Reflect RNC or CELL capability for UE to access. RRC connection setup success means
the signaling link between UE and network have already been established.
 Here including 2 different situation ： One is service related, Another is not related with
service （ Such as location update, Inter-RAT cell reselection, register to network et
c. ） The former used to measure the call access success rate ， the result can be used
as the basis to configure channel. The latter used to measure the system load.
 Definition
 RRC connection setup success rate=RRC connection setup success times/RRC
connection setup attempt times
 RRC Connection setup success signaling ： RRC Connection Setup Complete （ Send
by UE ）
 RRC connection setup attempt signaling ： RRC Connection Request （ Send by UE ）

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 Call setup and maintain KPI

 RAB assignment success rate

 Means
 Reflect the capability of ACCESS setup success.
 Definition
 RAB assignment success rate = RB setup success times/
RRC connection setup attempt times
 RB setup success signaling: Radio Bearer Setup Complete
(Send by UE)
 RRC connection setup success signaling: RRC Connection
Request (Send by UE)

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 Call setup and maintain KPI

 Call setup success rate

 Means
 Reflect the capability of ACCESS setup success.
 Definition
 Call setup success rate = call setup success times / RRC
connection setup attempt times
 Call setup success signaling: Downlink Direct
Transfer （ Alerting ） (UE receive)

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 Call setup and maintain KPI

 CS call drop rate

 Means
 Reflect call maintain capability
 Definition
 CS call drop rate = CS call drop times/ CS call setup success times
 CS call drop signaling: Call signaling is incomplete
 Call setup success signaling: Downlink Direct Transfer （ Alerting ） (UE receive)

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 Call setup and maintain KPI

 PDP active success rate

 Means
 Reflect the procedure that UE get the dynamic IP address,
and create the related information in HLR, SGSN and GGSN.
 Definition
 PDP active success rate=PDP active success times/PDP
active request times
 PDP active request signaling: Downlink Direct
Transfer （ Active PDP Context Request ） (UE send)
 PDP active success signaling: Downlink Direct
Transfer （ Active PDP Context Accept ） (UE receive)

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 Call setup and maintain KPI

 PS call drop rate

 Means
 Reflect PS call maintain capability
 Definition
 PS Call drop rate =PS call drop times / PS call setup success times
 PS call drop signaling: call signaling incomplete
 PS call setup success signaling: Downlink Direct Transfer （ Active PDP
Context Accept ） (UE receive)

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 Call setup and maintain KPI

 KPI statistic
 Click Analysis->WCDMA L3 Message-KPI Analysis
 Click <Statistics> button to get KPI

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 Call setup and maintain KPI
 Custom KPI
 Click Analysis->WCDMA L3 Message->Custom Event Analysis to statistic the custom KPI
 Click <Go to Message> button then you can check the signaling in ‘View Message window’

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 Call setup and maintain KPI

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 Timing delay KPI

 Random access delay

 Means
 Reflect the service time features, it’s one of the most
important indictors of the customer’s experience.
 Definition
 Signaling statistic, the time start from UE send “RRC
Connection Request” and stop at UE receive “RRC
Connection Setup”.

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 Timing delay KPI

 Initialized channel synchronization delay

 Means
 Reflect the service time features, it’s one of the most
important indictors of the customer’s experience.
 Definition
 Signaling statistic, time start from UE send “RRC
Connection Request” and stop at UE send “RRC
Connection Setup Complete” .

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 Timing delay KPI

 Call access delay

 Means
 Reflect the service time features, it’s one of the most
important indictors of the customer’s experience.
 Definition
 Signaling statistic, time start from UE send “RRC
Connection Request” and stop at UE send “Radio Bearer
Setup Complete”.

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 Timing delay KPI

 Call setup delay

 Means
 Reflect the service time features, it’s one of the most
important indictors of the customer’s experience
 Definition
 Signaling statistic, time start from calling UE send “RRC
Connection Request” and stop at receive “Alerting” from
called UE.

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 Timing delay KPI

 PDP active delay

 Means
 Reflect the PS service PDP active quality, it’s one of the
most important indictors of the customer’s experience.
 Definition
 Signaling statistic, time start from UE send “Downlink Direct
Transfer （ Active PDP Context Request ）” and stop at UE
receive “Downlink Direct Transfer （ Active PDP Context
Accept ）” .

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 Timing delay KPI

 Click Analysis->WCDMA L3 Message-Delay Analysis to statistic the KPI.

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Contents

 Coverage related test data analysis

 Service related test data analysis
 Setting event to locate fault point
 Setting event to locate fault point
 Use Marker Setting function to location fault point
 Click button from the tool bar, Open ‘Marker Setting’ window to select the event you
want to check.

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 Setting event to locate fault point

 Use Marker Setting function to location fault point

 After select the corresponding event, the event will be displayed on the map.

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