NUTRIENTS &

DEFICIENCY DISEASE
E

K
 A

C
RICKETS

VITAMIN D

GOITRE

IODINE

TOOTH DECAY

FLOURIDE

KWASHIORKAR
PROTEIN

SCURVY
VITAMIN C
 NUTRIENTS
• The constituents of the food which are essential for the body are
called nutrients.
Types of nutrients

 Carbohydrates - Provide energy

 Proteins - Help in growth
 Fats - Provide energy
 Vitamins - Help in physiological activities
 Minerals - Act as regulators in physiological activities
 Water - Transports food, regulates body temperature.
CARBOHYDRATES
PROTEIN
FATS
VITAMINS & MINERALS
WATER
 What is Deficiency Disease?
A deficiency disease can be defined as a
disease that is caused by the lack of
essential nutrients or dietary elements such
as vitamins and minerals in the human
body.
DEFICIENCY DUE TO CARBOHYDRATES
Carbohydrates are the chief source of

energy for the body.

The energy produced by carbohydrates

are used by our body to perform

various tasks.

Deficiency of sufficient carbohydrates

leads to:

 Body weakness

 Loss of stamina 1
 DEFICIENCY DUE TO PROTEINS

Nutrient : Protein
Food source: Fish, meat,
egg(albumin), milk, peas, cereals
Deficiency disease :Kwashiorkar
(children from 1-5 age)
Symptoms: retarded growth,
potbelly, swollen limbs
 DEFICIENCY DUE TO PROTEINS
Nutrient : Protein
Food source: Fish, meat,
egg(albumin), milk, peas, cereals
Deficiency disease : Marasmus
Symptoms: Thin limbs, weak
appearance, enlarged head, loss
of weight, retarded physical and
mental growth.
 DEFICIENCY DUE TO FATS
Nutrient : FATS
Food source: Fish, meat, poultry,
diary products, olive oil, animal
products.
Deficiency disease : Cardio-vascular
diseases, mental health conditions,
inflammatory conditions
Symptoms: Dry, scaly skin, dry eyes,
mouth and throat, excessive thirst,
craves for fats.
 Fat-Soluble Vitamin Deficiencies
Vitamins A, D, E, and K are known as
fat-soluble vitamins because they are
soluble in organic solvents and absorb
and transport in the same way that fats
do.
 Retinol (Vitamin A)
• Nutrients: Vitamin A
• Food source: Fish liver oil,
egg, milk, ghee, butter, carrot,
corn, yellow fruits, greens.
• Deficiency disease: Night
blindness
• Symptoms: Defective vision,
blindness in dim light
 Calciferol(Vitamin D)
• Nutrition: Vitamin D
• Food source: Fish-liver oil, milk,
egg. It is also synthesised by the
skin with the help of sunlight.
• Deficiency disease: Rickets
• Symptoms: Weak and bow
bones
 Tocopherol(Vitamin E)
• Nutrition: Vitamin E
• Food source: Vegetable oils, green vegetables,
whole wheat, Mango, Apple, Greens
• Deficiency disease: Infertility
• Symptoms: Sterility and reduction of immunity
 Phylloquinone(Vitamin K)
• Nutrition: Vitamin K
• Food source: Green vegetables, Tomato, Cabbage,
Egg, Milk and milk products.
• Deficiency disease: Hemorrhage (blood does not
clot)
• Symptoms: Loss of excessive blood even for a small
wound
  Water-Soluble Vitamin Deficiencies
The water-soluble vitamins include ascorbic
acid (vitamin C), thiamin, riboflavin, niacin,
vitamin B6 (pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and
pyridoxamine), folacin, vitamin B12, biotin,
and pantothenic acid.
 Thiamine(Vitamin B1)
• Nutrients: Vitamin B 1
• Food source: Whole grains,
pulses, unpolished rice, milk,
fish, meat, peas, gram, raw
vegetables
• Deficiency disease: Beri-beri
• Symptoms: Unhealthy nerve,
muscle fatigue
 Ascorbic Acid(Vitamin C)
• Nutrients: Vitamin C
• Food source: Orange,
lemon, gooseberry,
green chillies, tomato.
• Deficiency disease:
Scurvy
• Symptoms: Bleeding
gums
 Minerals
• Nutrients: Iodine
• Food source: Milk, Iodized
Salt, Prawn, Crab
• Deficiency disease: Goitre
• Symptoms: Inflammation in
neck
 Minerals
• Nutrients: Calcium
• Food source : Milk, Fish, Wheat,
Green Gram
• Deficiency disease:
Disintegration of bones and
teeth
• Symptoms : Weak bones and
teeth.
 Minerals
• Nutrients: Iron
• Food source: Meat, Apple,
Greens, Dates
• Deficiency disease: Anemia
• Symptoms: Body fatigue,
Giddiness.